Seasonal effects on the cropping-cycle of lettuce in glass-houses during the winter

Klapwijk, D.

doi:10.1016/0304-4238(79)90022-0

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Increases in fresh weight as a result of increasing PPF or lengthening the photoperiod are in agreement with the findings of Koontz and Prince (1986) and Ikeda et al (1988). Glenn (1984) and Klapwijk (1979) noted the importance of light in determining the production cycle length. The longest production cycle was associated with the time of year when solar radiation was weakest.…”

Section: Supplementary Lighting Treatmentssupporting

confidence: 91%

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Photoperiod and Photosynthetic Photon Flux Influence Growth and Quality of Greenhouse-grown Lettuce

Gaudreau¹,

Charbonneau²,

Vézina³

et al. 1994

HortSci

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`Karlo' and `Rosana', two Boston-type lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars, were subjected to various light treatments in greenhouses equipped with one of two propane heating systems. Photoperiods of 16, 20, 24, or 24 hours for 2 weeks after transplanting and then 16 hours (24–16) and photosynthetic photon flux of 50 or 100 μmol·m–2·s–1 provided by supplementary lighting (high-pressure sodium vapor lamps) were compared to natural light during four experiments performed in greenhouses between Sept. 1989 and May 1990. Using supplementary lighting resulted in significant increases in biomass (≤270%), head firmness, and tipburn incidence and decreases in production cycle length (≈30%). Treatment effects were most pronounced during the months when natural-light levels were low. Fresh weights were higher for `Karlo' than `Rosana'; however, `Rosana' was less susceptible to tipburn than `Karlo'. In general, the radiant heating system resulted in earlier crop maturity and a higher incidence of tipburn than the hot-air system.

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Section: Supplementary Lighting Treatmentssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Our findings, obtained under northerly conditions (lat. 47°), tend to substantiate Glenn's (1984) and Klapwijk's (1979) work in Arizona and Holland, respectively.…”

Section: Supplementary Lighting Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Photoperiod and Photosynthetic Photon Flux Influence Growth and Quality of Greenhouse-grown Lettuce

Gaudreau¹,

Charbonneau²,

Vézina³

et al. 1994

HortSci

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“…The process expends a plant's entire energy reserve for seed production and leaves the plant tissues tough, woody, and either tasteless or bitter. High irradiance, elevated temperatures, and extended day lengths can predispose lettuce transplants to bolting after planting (Dennis and Dullforce, 1974;Klapwijk, 1979). Bolting can occur in biennial plants, making them complete a two-year life cycle in a single year.…”

Section: Solar Challenges and Influencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Agriculture for Alaska and the Circumpolar North: Part II. Environmental, Geophysical, Biological and Socioeconomic Challenges

Stevenson¹,

Rader²,

Alessa³

et al. 2014

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Local agriculture, food security and food supply are limited in Alaska, as well as in much of the circumpolar North. These limitations stem from a suite of challenges that have never been well characterized, categorized, or wholly defined. We identify these challenges as being environmental, geophysical, biological, or socioeconomic in nature, noting that some challenges are interrelated. Additionally, Alaska is expansive, and growing conditions are highly variable across different regions and microclimates of the state. Environmental challenges to Alaskan agriculture are generally linked to high latitude and include strong seasonality, a short growing season, cold temperatures, and unpredictable frosts. Geophysical challenges are characterized by a high percentage of soils that are wet and cold or low in natural fertility. Biological challenges include cultivar adaptability and selection; the control of various pests, weeds, and diseases; and decreased microbial activity in cold soils, which can allow pesticides to linger and slow mineralization of organic fertilizers. Socioeconomic challenges to farming in Alaska are especially limiting and may categorically represent the strongest hindrances to agriculture. They often overlap or interact with many of the identified agro-ecological and biogeographic challenges. Major socioeconomic issues can be a relatively low financial incentive or reward for farmers; inconsistent or limited markets; the high cost of land, infrastructure, and inputs; zoning challenges; a lack of cooperatives; and for rural farmers, time conflicts with more traditional means of subsistence food acquisition. These challenges collectively represent factors that limit agriculture in Alaska, and they provide a basis and justification for developing more sustainable solutions.Key words: agriculture, Alaska, challenges, climate, circumpolar, farming, soils, subarctic, sustainable, socioeconomic RÉSUMÉ. En Alaska, l'agriculture locale, la sécurité alimentaire et les approvisionnements en vivres sont limités. C'est également le cas d'une grande partie du Nord circumpolaire. Ces limitations découlent d'un ensemble de défis qui n'ont jamais été bien caractérisés, catégorisés ou entièrement définis. Nous estimons que ces défis sont d'ordre environnemental, géophysique, biologique ou socioéconomique, et que certains des défis sont interreliés. De plus, l'Alaska est d'une grande étendue, et les conditions de croissance varient énormément d'une région à l'autre et d'un microclimat à l'autre de l'État. De manière générale, les défis environnementaux inhérents à l'agriculture alaskienne ont trait à la haute latitude, ce qui comprend une importante saisonnalité, une courte saison de croissance, des températures froides et des gelées imprévisibles. Pour leur part, les défis géophysiques sont caractérisés par un fort pourcentage de sols humides et froids, ou encore, de sols dont la fertilité naturelle est faible, puis les défis d'ordre biologique ont trait à l'adaptabilité et à la sélection des cultiv...

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“…Naval Observatory, 2006). High irradiance, elevated temperatures and extended daylengths have previously been found to predispose lettuce transplants to bolting after planting (Dennis and Dulforce, 1974;Klapwijk, 1979). Direct seeding should be evaluated as an alternative to transplanting during the warmest period of the season.…”

Section: Preliminary and Regional Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Northern Field Production of Leaf and Romaine Lettuce using a High Tunnel

Rader¹,

Karlsson²

2006

horttech

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A high tunnel environment was evaluated for production of leaf (`Two Star') and romaine (`Parris Island Cos') lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in a northern location (lat. 64°49'N). Ten plantings were made 1 week apart from May to August. Averaged over the season, the air temperature was 1.5 °C and the soil 0.8 °C higher in the high tunnel than the field. `Two Star' planted on 3 Aug. and harvested on 16 Sept. produced higher yield (P < 0.001) in the tunnel. Head weight was 195 ± 12 g in the tunnel and 99 ± 8 g in the field. For the 13 July-planted `Two Star' lettuce, the field produced significantly (P < 0.001) more at 202 ± 21 g/head than the 135 ± 29 g/head in the tunnel. The three consecutive field plantings of 1, 8, and 15 June resulted in higher `Parris Island Cos' yields than corresponding plantings in the high tunnel. Head weights for harvests on 11, 18, and 25 July were 457 ± 60, 476 ± 65, and 478 ± 25 g under field conditions and 354 ± 46, 331 ± 52, and 312 ± 14 g in the high tunnel. `Two Star' was observed less prone to bolting than `Parris Island Cos'. Although a high tunnel did not generally support increased productivity in this study, the added protection resulted in high quality lettuce with limited necessary preparation and marketing loss in comparison to the field-grown lettuce.

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Seasonal effects on the cropping-cycle of lettuce in glass-houses during the winter

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Photoperiod and Photosynthetic Photon Flux Influence Growth and Quality of Greenhouse-grown Lettuce

Photoperiod and Photosynthetic Photon Flux Influence Growth and Quality of Greenhouse-grown Lettuce

Sustainable Agriculture for Alaska and the Circumpolar North: Part II. Environmental, Geophysical, Biological and Socioeconomic Challenges

Northern Field Production of Leaf and Romaine Lettuce using a High Tunnel

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