Seasonal dry-down rates and high stress tolerance promote bamboo invasion above and below treeline

Winkler, Daniel E.; Amagai, Yukihiro; Huxman, Travis E.; Kaneko, Masami; Kudo, Gaku

doi:10.1007/s11258-016-0649-y

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Changes in the dominance of major species strongly affect species richness through the modification of plant–plant interactions, including competition and facilitation (Kikvidze et al., ; Klanderud, ; Klein, Harte, & Zhao, ; Michalet, Schöb, Lortie, Brooker, & Callaway, ; Olsen & Klanderud, ). As mentioned previously, dwarf bamboo Sasa kurilensis has expanded in snow‐meadows (Kudo et al., ; Winkler, Amagai, et al., ). Compared with alpine herbs, dwarf bamboo has substantial biomass; therefore, the invasion of this species possibly has a drastic impact on alpine plants, not only through shading effects but also by litter accumulation (Kudo, Kawai, Amagai, & Winkler, ; Kudo et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…In snow‐meadows of the Taisetsu Mountains, northern Japan, snowmelt time has substantially advanced over the last 20 years (Kudo, ; Kudo & Hirao, ). Responding to recent warmer summers, earlier snowmelt and drier soil conditions, dwarf bamboo ( Sasa kurilensis ) and alpine dwarf pine ( Pinus pumila ) distributions have expanded in alpine areas, particularly into late snowmelt habitats (Amagai, Kaneko, & Kudo, ; Kudo, Amagai, Hoshino, & Kaneko, ; Winkler, Amagai, Huxman, Kaneko, & Kudo, ). Furthermore, previously dominant snow‐meadow herbs have been rapidly replaced by graminoid‐dominated grassland (Kawai & Kudo, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in alpine plant communities under climate change: Dynamics of snow‐meadow vegetation in northern Japan over the last 40 years

Amagai

Kudo

Sato

2018

Applied Vegetation Science

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Question: Alpine plant communities are often distributed as a mosaic reflecting micro-scale heterogeneity of environmental conditions, indicating the importance of diverse habitats in maintaining species diversity in alpine ecosystems. Because snowmeadow vegetation is particularly sensitive to climate change, species composition and community structure may have changed over the last few decades in response to global warming. The aim of the present study is to quantify changes in species diversity and snow-meadow community composition over the last 40 years. Location: Taisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido, Japan. Methods: The presence and ground cover of plant species were surveyed in two snow-meadow sites in 1971-1972 (44 and 113 plots) and 2012 (85 and 115 plots). In addition, soil moisture and snowmelt time were measured in every plot in 2012. Changes in species richness, functional types and species composition between the survey periods were analysed. Results: Community structure of snow-meadow vegetation has changed significantly. Although the total number of species at each site was the same between the survey periods, Shannon's diversity index and species richness per plot have increased. Moreover, similarity in species composition among community types has been enhanced, indicating the mosaic structure of alpine vegetation has become obscure. The relative dominance of forbs (particularly tall herbaceous species) decreased, while that of shrubs increased. The distribution of community types reflected the snowmelt and soil moisture conditions. Conclusions: Significant changes have occurred in vegetation structure in the alpine snow-meadows, possibly due to accelerated snow melt and drier soil conditions linked to global warming. To predict the dynamics of alpine vegetation, we need to clarify how micro-scale heterogeneity of environmental conditions is modified by global change. K E Y W O R D S alpine, climate change, micro-topographic heterogeneity, plant community, snow-meadow, soil moisture, species richness, vegetation change Present Address

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in alpine plant communities under climate change: Dynamics of snow‐meadow vegetation in northern Japan over the last 40 years

Amagai

Kudo

Sato

2018

Applied Vegetation Science

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“…In this sense, the potential for species replacement or invasion increases as temperatures warm or other driving factors (e.g., soil moisture status) change with shifts in snowmelt timing. For example, snowmelt changes and subsequent increases in soil dry-down rates have already led to the encroachment of an invasive subalpine dwarf bamboo in Hokkaido, Japan ( Winkler et al, 2016b ). Changes in microclimates in alpine settings have the potential to negatively impact current community members by creating unfavorable conditions and creating stepping stones for non-native species to invade ( Lembrechts et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snowmelt Timing Regulates Community Composition, Phenology, and Physiological Performance of Alpine Plants

et al. 2018

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The spatial patterning of alpine plant communities is strongly influenced by the variation in physical factors such as temperature and moisture, which are strongly affected by snow depth and snowmelt patterns. Earlier snowmelt timing and greater soil-moisture limitations may favor wide-ranging species adapted to a broader set of ecohydrological conditions than alpine-restricted species. We asked how plant community composition, phenology, plant water relations, and photosynthetic gas exchange of alpine-restricted and wide-ranging species differ in their responses to a ca. 40-day snowmelt gradient in the Colorado Rocky Mountains (Lewisia pygmaea, Sibbaldia procumbens, and Hymenoxys grandiflora were alpine-restricted and Artemisia scopulorum, Carex rupestris, and Geum rossii were wide-ranging species). As hypothesized, species richness and foliar cover increased with earlier snowmelt, due to a greater abundance of wide-ranging species present in earlier melting plots. Flowering initiation occurred earlier with earlier snowmelt for 12 out of 19 species analyzed, while flowering duration was shortened with later snowmelt for six species (all but one were wide-ranging species). We observed >50% declines in net photosynthesis from July to September as soil moisture and plant water potentials declined. Early-season stomatal conductance was higher in wide-ranging species, indicating a more competitive strategy for water acquisition when soil moisture is high. Even so, there were no associated differences in photosynthesis or transpiration, suggesting no strong differences between these groups in physiology. Our findings reveal that plant species with different ranges (alpine-restricted vs. wide-ranging) could have differential phenological and physiological responses to snowmelt timing and associated soil moisture dry-down, and that alpine-restricted species’ performance is more sensitive to snowmelt. As a result, alpine-restricted species may serve as better indicator species than their wide-ranging heterospecifics. Overall, alpine community composition and peak % cover are strongly structured by spatio-temporal patterns in snowmelt timing. Thus, near-term, community-wide changes (or variation) in phenology and physiology in response to shifts in snowmelt timing or rates of soil dry down are likely to be contingent on the legacy of past climate on community structure.

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“…plasticity) is a crucial attribute in exotic species to determine their invasive success (Hodge, 2014). Bamboos too have shown their ability to adjust to moving conditions (Montti et al, 2014;Winkler et al, 2016). Some woody bamboo species show high plasticity in terms of structural and functional leaf traits in response to different light conditions (Montti et al, 2014), while others showed a greater plasticity in response to physical and physiological stress (Lima et al, 2012).…”

Section: Invasive Nature Of Bamboosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native bamboos with invasive traits: impacts, consequences and challenges with special emphasis on Asia Pacific Region

Madawala

Wijewickrama

2021

Ceylon J. Sci.

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Seasonal dry-down rates and high stress tolerance promote bamboo invasion above and below treeline

Cited by 25 publications

References 70 publications

Changes in alpine plant communities under climate change: Dynamics of snow‐meadow vegetation in northern Japan over the last 40 years

Changes in alpine plant communities under climate change: Dynamics of snow‐meadow vegetation in northern Japan over the last 40 years

Snowmelt Timing Regulates Community Composition, Phenology, and Physiological Performance of Alpine Plants

Native bamboos with invasive traits: impacts, consequences and challenges with special emphasis on Asia Pacific Region

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