Seasonal dependence of energetic electron precipitation: Evidence for a global role of lightning

Gemelos, E.; Inan, U. S.; Walt, M.; Parrot, M.; Sauvaud, J. A.

doi:10.1029/2009gl040396

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The EB number followed seasonal variations at energy bands lower than 440 keV, with peaks occurring in the summer and winter, while EB valleys occurred in the spring and autumn. A comparison with the electron fluxes induced by lightning activity over the United States (Gemelos et al, 2009) showed the principal difference in having a unique maximum in the summer. To explain this discrepancy, it should be highlighted that Table 1 by using only the events where EBs preceded Eqs: (a) the unequal earthquake longitude distribution; (b) distribution of EBs in L-shell and difference time D, D increased with lower L; (c) a greater minimum depth for earthquakes occurrs at larger time difference with EBs occurrence; (d) EB anomalies with a probability greater than 96 % for M ≥ 7 earthquakes and with probability greater than 98 % for M ≥ 8 earthquakes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Sauvaud et al (2008) investigated for a relationship between energetic electrons and ground-based VLF transmitter signals and reported enhancements in the ∼100-600 keV drift-loss cone electron fluxes at L values between 1.4 and 1.7 being due to the Australian NWC operations and ionospheric absorption. Gemelos et al (2009) reported that seasonal variations in energetic electrons were consistent with lighting-induced electron precipitation (LEP) over North America. These energetic electron fluxes in the slot region (between L = 2 and 3) were significantly higher in the summer than in the winter because of significant lightning activity in the Northern Hemisphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, both analyses were developed on larger electron energies and L-shells. Gemelos et al (2009) also studied the phenomena of lightning-induced electron precipitation and reported annual periodicity in energetic electron fluxes to be significantly higher in the northern summer than in the winter over the United States. The authors compared this finding with the seasonal variations of lightning activity in the Northern Hemisphere.…”

Section: Long-term Variation Features Of Ebs At Different Energy Bandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Burst increases of precipitating electrons recorded by the DEMETER satellite before strong earthquakes

Zhang

Fidani²,

Huang

et al. 2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. This case study developed a method for data processing over six years, from 2004 to 2010, of 70 keV-2.3 MeV electrons recorded by the DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) satellite. Short time increases in electron counting rates, having 99 % probabilities of not being Poisson fluctuations, were statistically selected using geomagnetic invariant space and called electron bursts. Temporal series were analysed confirming the seasonal variations in low energy bands of 70-450 keV. Differently from previous results, the DEME-TER results exhibited two peaks of electron bursts: one in the period June-August and one in the period DecemberFebruary annually. Specifically, six earthquake cases are presented in detail having increases in electron burst number prior to events. Moreover, electron burst precipitation occurring before each strong earthquake of the entire period over the life of the satellite with M ≥ 7.0 was verified as having a probability greater than 97 % of not being of a statistical origin. Low energetic electrons in 70-330 keV resulted occurring more frequently near seismic activity than those observed in 330 keV-2.34 MeV energy bands at the satellite altitude in the ionosphere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Long-term Variation Features Of Ebs At Different Energy Bandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Burst increases of precipitating electrons recorded by the DEMETER satellite before strong earthquakes

Zhang

Fidani²,

Huang

et al. 2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Over the United States, energetic electron fluxes in the slot region (between L = 2 and 3) are significantly higher in the northern summer than in the winter, consistent with the seasonal variation of lightning activity in the Northern Hemisphere (Gemelos et al, 2009) According to the model by Abel and Thorne (1998), electron scattering near the peak of the inner zone, L = 1.65, is dominated by VLF transmitter waves. At L = 2.4, diffusion by the lightning-generated (4.5 kHz) waves provides the dominant scattering process near the loss cone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

A statistical study over Europe of the relative locations of lightning and associated energetic burst of electrons from the radiation belt

Bourriez

Sauvaud

Pinçon³

et al. 2016

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. The DEMETER (Detection of Electro-MagneticEmissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) spacecraft detects short bursts of lightning-induced electron precipitation (LEP) simultaneously with newly injected upgoing whistlers. The LEP occurs within < 1 s of the causative lightning discharge. First in situ observations of the size and location of the region affected by the LEP precipitation are presented on the basis of a statistical study made over Europe using the DEMETER energetic particle detector, wave electric field experiment, and networks of lightning detection (Météorage, the UK Met Office Arrival Time Difference network (ATDnet), and the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN)). The LEP is shown to occur significantly north of the initial lightning and extends over some 1000 km on each side of the longitude of the lightning. In agreement with models of electron interaction with obliquely propagating lightning-generated whistlers, the distance from the LEP to the lightning decreases as lightning proceed to higher latitudes.

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“…These authors investigated the significance of the lightning-generated whistlers, as also other sources, dealing with whistler frequencies up to 10 kHz and electrons of few hundreds of keV, at various L shells. Further studies on lightning-induced effects are in Inan et al (2007) and Gemelos et al (2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method to study the time correlation between Van Allen Belt electrons and earthquakes

Tao

Battiston

Vitale

et al. 2016

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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A new method to study a possible temporal correlation between hundreds of keV Van Allen Belt electrons and strong earthquakes is proposed. It consists in measuring the electrons pitch angle distribution (PAD), searching for PAD disturbances and studying the time correlation between these PAD disturbances and strong earthquakes, occurring within a defined time window. The method was applied to measurements of energetic electrons, which were performed with the ECT-MagEIS detector on board of the Van Allen Probes mission and strong continental earthquakes, with M 5.0 and hypocenter depth 100 km. We report the correlation studies for electrons with energies of ∼350 keV, with which a 3.84 standard deviations correlation peak was found at +[0, 3]h time bin, and ∼450 keV with which no correlation peaks above 2.0 standard deviations were found. Our work proves the feasibility of the proposed method and the obtained results add useful and additional information with respect to past studies.

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Seasonal dependence of energetic electron precipitation: Evidence for a global role of lightning

Cited by 36 publications

References 24 publications

Burst increases of precipitating electrons recorded by the DEMETER satellite before strong earthquakes

Burst increases of precipitating electrons recorded by the DEMETER satellite before strong earthquakes

A statistical study over Europe of the relative locations of lightning and associated energetic burst of electrons from the radiation belt

A new method to study the time correlation between Van Allen Belt electrons and earthquakes

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