Seasonal composition of lipids, fatty acids, and sterols in the edible red alga Grateloupia turuturu

Abstract

Composition of lipids, sterols, fatty acids (FA), and phospholipids in the edible Rhodophyta Grateloupia turuturu from Britanny, France, was investigated over four seasons in order to identify compounds with potential benefits in health and nutrition. The lipid content was found to vary from 3.3 to 4.1 % dry weight. No marked variations were observed for glycolipids accounting for 42.3-46.8 %, whereas neutral lipids and phospholipids fluctuated from 20.1 % (summer) to 41.8 % (winter), and 11.2 % (winter) to 33.4 % (summer), respectively. Polyunsaturated FA of the total lipids were found from 20.4 % (winter) to 31.1 % (summer), including 20:5 ω3 acid as the major one (up to 16.3 % in summer). Phosphatidylcholine (20.0-43.7 %) and phosphatidylserine (24.6-37.5 %) were the dominant phospholipids in all seasons. Compounds of interest were identified in minor amounts such as squalene, α-tocopherol, phytonadione (vitamin K 1 ), cholesteryl formate, cholest-4-en-3-one, and cholesta-4,6-dien-3-one. Cholesterol was the major sterol with a lower content in spring and summer.

Characterization of protein, lipid and mineral contents in common Norwegian seaweeds and evaluation of their potential as food and feed

“…There were two inclusion criteria for the algae in this study: one was that species should represent all of the three main classes of macroalgae (red, green and brown); the other was that they should be easily accessible. The biochemical variation between species is considered to be due partly to phylogenetic differences and partly to seasonal and geographical conditions, such as water temperature and light amount and intensity . In order to minimize the latter, it was decided to harvest all samples at the same time of year and from the narrowest geographical area possible.…”

Lipid characterization of red alga Rhodymenia pseudopalmata (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta)

“…In Grateloupia turuturu Yamada from the French coast a similar trend has been reported (Kendel et al . ). These authors found that neutral lipids from this species fluctuated from 20.1% (summer) to 41.8% (winter).…”

Valorization of Lipids from Gracilaria sp. through Lipidomics and Decoding of Antiproliferative and Anti-Inflammatory Activity

“…This lipidomic approach has the advantage of providing a detailed analysis of the lipid profile and affording the identification and quantification of more than 200 lipid molecular species in one single LC–MS run [25,26]. This detailed information on the specificity of molecular species and corresponding classes of polar lipids cannot be achieved using traditional approaches, typically based on the previous separation of polar lipid classes by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and silica gel on column chromatography, followed by off-line gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of FAs [27,28,29,30,31,32,33]. MS-based technologies allowed researchers to explore the full lipidomic signature of distinct matrices [34,35,36].…”