Seasonal changes of sources and volatility of carbonaceous aerosol at urban, coastal and forest sites in Eastern Europe (Lithuania)

Mašalaitė, Agnė; Remeikis, Vidmantas; Zenker, Katrin; Westra, Inge M.; Meijer, H. A. J.; Dusek, Ulrike

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117374

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…This could be caused by lower temperature in winter (Figure S2 in Supporting Information S1) that promotes partitioning of semi-volatile OC to the condensed phase. In addition, increased solar radiation in the pre-monsoon and monsoon season (Table S1 in Supporting Information S1) led to enhanced photochemical activity and thus less volatile OC (Masalaite et al, 2020). This is also consistent with ) in Qinghai Lake (this study) and Beijing (Ni et al, 2022), as well as in the primary emission of C3 plant burning, coal combustion and traffic in China .…”

Section: Stable Carbon Isotope Composition Of Oc As a Function Of The...supporting

confidence: 86%

“…Much more depleted than δ 13 C OC,200 for anthropogenic primary emissions, our δ 13 C OC,200 in non-winter seasons (weighted average: −29.6‰; range: −30.4‰ to −29.1‰) is a potential 13 C signature for SOC under strong solar radiation in a remote area. The relatively depleted δ 13 C OC,200 values in non-winter seasons are in line with the δ 13 C of OC 200°C during the clean period in summer at a forest site in Lithuania (−29.6 ± 0.5‰; Masalaite et al, 2020) and total SOC from β-pinene oxidation (−29.6‰; Fisseha et al, 2009), and are a slightly heavier than the δ 13 C values of SOC from toluene (−31.6‰ to −32.3‰; Irei et al, 2006).…”

Section: Stable Carbon Isotope Composition Of Oc As a Function Of The...supporting

confidence: 75%

“…The most likely explanation for the strongly depleted δ 13 C OC,200 is the formation of (biogenic) SOC that has depleted (more negative) 13 C signature and contributes strongly to the more volatile fraction. More depleted δ 13 C values of OC at lower desorption temperature was also found for urban aerosols in Beijing, China (Ni et al., 2022) and Naples, Italy (Zenker et al., 2020), as well as urban, coastal, and forest aerosols in Lithuania (Masalaite et al., 2017, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…This could be caused by lower temperature in winter (Figure S2 in Supporting Information ) that promotes partitioning of semi‐volatile OC to the condensed phase. In addition, increased solar radiation in the pre‐monsoon and monsoon season (Table S1 in Supporting Information ) led to enhanced photochemical activity and thus less volatile OC (Masalaite et al., 2020). This is also consistent with our laboratory studies, where source samples were aged in a small reactor under UV light, that photolysis causes mainly mass loss in OC 200°C relative to OC that desorbs at higher temperatures (Ettinger, 2022).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of 13 C in OC thus can give new insight into the formation and transformation processing of organic aerosols (Aggarwal & Kawamura, 2009;Li et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2010). This has inspired 13 C studies on sub-fractions of organic aerosols, for example, more and less volatile OC, that show indications of various atmospheric processes (Masalaite et al, 2017(Masalaite et al, , 2020Ni et al, 2022). While CAs are widely characterized in urban and rural China, sources and formation mechanisms in the pristine and climatically sensitive region of Tibetan Plateau (TP) remain less understood, especially in studies applying dual-carbon isotopic analysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Non‐Fossil Origin Explains the Large Seasonal Variation of Highly Processed Organic Aerosol in the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau (3,200 m a.s.l.)

Yao

Zhu

et al. 2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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Carbonaceous aerosols (CAs) are a significant and increasing fraction of the aerosol mass. They have detrimental effects on human health and exert highly uncertain impacts on regional and global climate (Bond et al., 2013;Gustafsson & Ramanathan, 2016;Kanakidou et al., 2005). However, our scientific assessments of these effects are hampered by poorly constrained sources and formation mechanisms. This is notoriously difficult for organic aerosol, because it comprises a large number of organic compounds with different physical-chemical properties (e.g., volatilities, oxidation states, etc.), and complex formation and transformation processes in the atmosphere (Fuzzi et al., 2006). In contrast, elemental carbon (EC, from incomplete combustion) aerosols are graphite-like and inert in the atmosphere.In recent years, dual-carbon isotope characterization (i.e., radiocarbon 14 C and the stable carbon isotope 13 C) has become increasingly important for quantitatively constraining sources as well as for a better understanding of the formation processes of CAs (Dasari et al., 2019;Xu et al., 2021;Zimnoch et al., 2020). This technique relies on different 14 C source signatures of fossil fuel ( 14 C-free) and non-fossil sources (e.g., biomass burning), as well as different 13 C signatures of different classes of fossil fuel (e.g., liquid fossil fuel and coal; Andersson

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Section: Stable Carbon Isotope Composition Of Oc As a Function Of The...supporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Stable Carbon Isotope Composition Of Oc As a Function Of The...supporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non‐Fossil Origin Explains the Large Seasonal Variation of Highly Processed Organic Aerosol in the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau (3,200 m a.s.l.)

Yao

Zhu

et al. 2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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Characterisation of urban aerosol size distribution by radiocarbon and PIXE analyses in a middle-European urban environment for source identification: a pilot study

Angyal,

Szoboszlai,

Major

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This study, conducted in Debrecen, Hungary, aimed to analyse atmospheric particulate matter (APM or PM) through radiocarbon and PIXE analyses during the winter smog (23–25 January) and spring (15–18 May) seasons. The information presented in this pilot study aims to provide insight into the importance of utilising detailed characteristics of the mass size distributions of fossil carbon (ff) and contemporary carbon (fC) content. Additionally, it seeks to compare these characteristics with the size distributions of various elements to enable even more accurate PM source identification. In winter, APM concentrations were 86.27 μg/m3 (total), 17.07 μg/m3 (fC) and 10.4 μg/m3 (ff). In spring, these values changed to 29.5 μg/m3, 2.64 μg/m3 and 7.01 μg/m3, respectively. Notably, differences in mass size distribution patterns were observed between the two seasons, suggesting varied sources for contemporary carbon. Biomass burning emerged as a crucial source during the smog period, supported by similar MMAD (Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter) values and a strong correlation (r = 0.95, p < 0.01) between potassium and fC. In spring, a significant change in the concentration and distribution of fC occurred, with a broad, coarse mode and a less prominent accumulation mode. Ff was found to have similar distributions as PM, with nearly the same MMADs, during both periods. Finally, a comprehensive comparison of modal characteristics identified specific sources for the various components, including biomass burning, vehicle exhaust, coal and oil combustion, vehicle non-exhaust, road dust, tyre abrasion, mineral dust and biogenic emission. This study showcases how using radiocarbon and PIXE analysis in size distribution data can enhance our understanding of the sources of PM and their effects on different size fractions of PM.

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A serious game for raising air pollution perception in children

Relvas,

Mariano,

Almeida

et al. 2024

J. Comput. Educ.

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Concerns about air pollution have increased recently. Currently, 94% of the world population face air pollution levels considered unsafe by the World Health Organization, which tells us that efforts are needed to raise people’s awareness about air pollution. The use of serious games and gamification of interactive applications have raised people’s perception. This work presents Problems in the Air, a game developed in Unity about air pollution, in which the player’s goal is to control a character that inhabits an imaginary city tasked to monitor indoor and outdoor air pollution with sensors deployed across several city zones. While playing, children are expected to learn the possible causes of pollution in each zone and, this way, the game attempts to promote pro-environmental behaviors. This game allows educators to configure the problems that the player has to solve. Customisation is a desired feature in existing serious games as teachers often need to tailor this type of tools to their students. Pre- and post-surveys about air pollution were elaborated to evaluate air pollution perception of twenty students of an elementary school before and after playing the game, with results showing some significant positive effects. A System Usability Scale questionnaire was also performed and we obtained an acceptable mean value of 75, out of 100.

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Seasonal changes of sources and volatility of carbonaceous aerosol at urban, coastal and forest sites in Eastern Europe (Lithuania)

Cited by 21 publications

References 82 publications

Non‐Fossil Origin Explains the Large Seasonal Variation of Highly Processed Organic Aerosol in the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau (3,200 m a.s.l.)

Non‐Fossil Origin Explains the Large Seasonal Variation of Highly Processed Organic Aerosol in the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau (3,200 m a.s.l.)

Characterisation of urban aerosol size distribution by radiocarbon and PIXE analyses in a middle-European urban environment for source identification: a pilot study

A serious game for raising air pollution perception in children

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