“…It may because the controls accumulated more GDD units than treatments (Meijon, 2011). Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in the establishment and maintenance of dormancy (Gotz, 2014). It was found in Camelia a clear downward trend of flower buds ABA levels as the cold treatment continued (Berruti, 2012).…”
Azalea is one of the most popular ornamental plants in China. On the production of pot azaleas, heating strategy is widely used to force flowering, so the products can meet the needs of Spring Festival market in China. This study was conducted to find another possible way to break flower bud dormancy and promote anthesis through environment friendly ways. Fouryear-old azalea 'Hong Shanhu' (Chinese azalea cultivar) were sprayed with different combinations of 5-azacytidine (2.5, 10, 40 and 160 mg L-1) and gibberellic acid (300 mg L-1). These were kept in greenhouse during the winter with no extra heating device. Morphological changes, endogenous hormones, and the degree of DNA methylation were recorded. The results showed that the combination of 40 mg L-1 5-azaC and 300 mg L-1 GA3 can highly promote flower bud growth and brought anthesis 17 days earlier than controls. IAA content increased about twofold (control and T1) and fivefold (T4) after growing for four months. A steep decrease of DNA methylation was observed from November to February and followed by an increase until flowering in all treatments. The foliar application of these chemicals was found to be more effective on bud dormancy breaking by DNA demethylation and decrease of ABA levels.
“…It may because the controls accumulated more GDD units than treatments (Meijon, 2011). Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in the establishment and maintenance of dormancy (Gotz, 2014). It was found in Camelia a clear downward trend of flower buds ABA levels as the cold treatment continued (Berruti, 2012).…”
Azalea is one of the most popular ornamental plants in China. On the production of pot azaleas, heating strategy is widely used to force flowering, so the products can meet the needs of Spring Festival market in China. This study was conducted to find another possible way to break flower bud dormancy and promote anthesis through environment friendly ways. Fouryear-old azalea 'Hong Shanhu' (Chinese azalea cultivar) were sprayed with different combinations of 5-azacytidine (2.5, 10, 40 and 160 mg L-1) and gibberellic acid (300 mg L-1). These were kept in greenhouse during the winter with no extra heating device. Morphological changes, endogenous hormones, and the degree of DNA methylation were recorded. The results showed that the combination of 40 mg L-1 5-azaC and 300 mg L-1 GA3 can highly promote flower bud growth and brought anthesis 17 days earlier than controls. IAA content increased about twofold (control and T1) and fivefold (T4) after growing for four months. A steep decrease of DNA methylation was observed from November to February and followed by an increase until flowering in all treatments. The foliar application of these chemicals was found to be more effective on bud dormancy breaking by DNA demethylation and decrease of ABA levels.
“…Freeze dried samples (25 mg, n=4 for each sampling) were extracted with 0.75 mL 60% methanol using an ultrasonification treatment (Sonorex RR 100, Bandelin electronic GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany) for 3 min followed by incubation at 4°C overnight (AEG Santo 60240 DT 28, Electrolux Hausgeräte GmbH, Nürnberg, Germany). The extracts were centrifuged at 9300 × g for 10 min at 4°C, the extraction repeated, and the supernatants pooled together and stored at -20°C until needed [26,29]. Determination of phytohormones was adapted using the high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry [30][31][32] and has been described previously in detail [29].…”
Section: Targeted Analysis Of Phytohormones By Lc-ms/msmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The extracts were centrifuged at 9300 × g for 10 min at 4°C, the extraction repeated, and the supernatants pooled together and stored at -20°C until needed [26,29]. Determination of phytohormones was adapted using the high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry [30][31][32] and has been described previously in detail [29]. Shortly, a Dionex Ultimate 3000 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system (Thermo Fisher GmbH, Idstein, Germany) equipped with a Phenomenex Luna C18 column (Phenomenex Inc., Aschaffenburg, Germany; 150 × 3 mm; 3 µm) incubated at 40°C and a C18 pre-column containing the same material was used for chromatographic separation at a flow rate of 0.32 mL min −1 .…”
Section: Targeted Analysis Of Phytohormones By Lc-ms/msmentioning
“…However, these parameters did not allow identifying the date of endodormancy release -a very important parameter in phenological models. For this reason, several classical experiments with plant samplings were carried out to calculate the plant specific chilling requirement [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Recently, Chuine et al [7] suggested carrying out these experiments for a wider range of tree species and varieties in order to capture this important parameter.…”
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