Seasonal changes in the blood composition of captive and free-living White-crowned Sparrows

deGraw, William A.; Kern, Michael D.; King, James R.

doi:10.1007/bf00798180

Cited by 85 publications

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“…To survive in this environment, a suite of physiological traits must adjust to winter conditions (Swanson, 1991a;Cooper and Swanson, 1994;Swanson and Thomas, 2007). Specifically, winter acclimatization is associated with an increase in body mass (Carey et al, 1978;Williams and Tieleman, 2000;Vézina et al, 2006), fat reserves (Swanson, 1991a;Sharbaugh, 2001;Cooper, 2002), muscle mass (Swanson, 1991b;Cooper, 2002;Liknes and Swanson, 2011), summit metabolic rate (Ṁ sum ) (Swanson, 1991a;Cooper and Swanson, 1994;Vézina et al, 2006) and haematocrit (deGraw et al, 1979;Swanson, 1990b;O'Connor, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotype manipulations confirm the role of pectoral muscles and haematocrit in avian maximal thermogenic capacity

Petit

Vézina

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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In small resident bird species living at northern latitudes, winter cold acclimatization is associated with an increase in pectoral muscle size and haematocrit level, and this is thought to drive the seasonal increase in summit metabolic rate (Ṁ sum , a measure of maximal shivering thermogenic capacity). However, evidence suggesting that pectoral muscle size influences Ṁ sum is correlational and the link between haematrocrit level and Ṁ sum remains to be demonstrated. We experimentally tested the relationship between pectoral muscle size and Ṁ sum by manipulating muscle size using a feather clipping protocol in free-living wintering black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus). This also allowed us to investigate the link between haematocrit and thermogenic capacity. After a first series of measures on all birds, we cut half of the flight feathers of experimental individuals (N=14) and compared their fat and pectoral muscle scores, Ṁ sum and haematocrit level at recapture with their previous measures and with those of control birds (N=17) that were captured and recaptured at comparable times. Results showed that: (1) experimental birds developed larger pectoral muscles than control individuals and (2) mass-independent Ṁ sum was up to 16% higher in birds expressing large pectoral muscles. Ṁ sum was also positively correlated with haematocrit, which was not affected by the experimental manipulation. These findings demonstrate that, for a given body mass, large pectoral muscles are associated with a higher Ṁ sum in black-capped chickadees and that oxygen carrying capacity likely supports thermogenesis in this species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotype manipulations confirm the role of pectoral muscles and haematocrit in avian maximal thermogenic capacity

Petit

Vézina

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…While the food intake of adult males was higher than that of juveniles, the levels of T-Cho in adult males were consistently lower than those of juveniles (Table 2). In sparrows, free cholesterol was elevated during premigratory and migratory periods, minimal during summer breeding periods, and reduced during periods of body molting [5]. In both immature and adult pelicans, cholesterol levels were elevated in winter through spring [27], while in reindeer, total and HDL-bound cholesterol were increased in summer [14].…”

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confidence: 98%

“…It is known that bottlenose dolphins migrate seasonally, and the migration is probably a response to temperature changes [16,21]. Several physiological parameters, for example, the thickness of blubber [25], the body mass [21] and the rectal body temperature [23], are known to have seasonality even in captive dolphins.Seasonal changes in hematology have been recorded in birds [1,5,9,17,20,27] The blood samples taken from wild dolphins may be affected by several factors, including their handling stress and their diet. We previously reported how diet affected the blood composition of this species [24].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Seasonal changes in hematology have been recorded in birds [1,5,9,17,20,27] The blood samples taken from wild dolphins may be affected by several factors, including their handling stress and their diet. We previously reported how diet affected the blood composition of this species [24].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Seasonal changes in hematology have been recorded in birds [1,5,9,17,20,27], bears [8], deer [14], bats [12] and fish [4]. However, there have been few reports of seasonal changes of hematological values for marine mammals [26].…”

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Seasonal Changes of Blood Composition in Captive Bottlenose Dolphins.

Terasawa

Kitamura

Fujimoto

et al. 2002

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. To determine how blood values in bottlenose dolphins changed during the year, 504 blood samples were taken from 9 dolphins from 1991 to 1999 and clinical blood examinations were undertaken monthly including 3 hematological and 19 serum chemistry tests. In creatinine, significant seasonal changes were found among three groups of adult males, adult females and juveniles, and the average values in summer were 15-38% higher than those in winter. In two out of three groups the average total cholesterol value were h ighest in winter, and the lowest of all groups were in summer. In two other groups the peaks of average FFA value were recorded in sum mer, and the lows were in winter. KEY WORDS: bottlenose dolphin, seasonal change, serum chemistry.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 64(11): 1075-1078, 2002 The physiology of free-living marine mammals adapts to seasonal environmental changes. It is known that bottlenose dolphins migrate seasonally, and the migration is probably a response to temperature changes [16,21]. Several physiological parameters, for example, the thickness of blubber [25], the body mass [21] and the rectal body temperature [23], are known to have seasonality even in captive dolphins.Seasonal changes in hematology have been recorded in birds [1,5,9,17,20,27] The blood samples taken from wild dolphins may be affected by several factors, including their handling stress and their diet. We previously reported how diet affected the blood composition of this species [24]. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the case of bottlenose dolphins in captivity. The information presented should help to establish a hematological base line of seasonal changes for bottlenose dolphins. It is important to be aware of seasonal changes for evaluating long-term physiological variations, for example, during pregnancy. Therefore, this report examines how blood values change seasonally in captive bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, from the results of clinical blood examinations at Enoshima Aquarium from 1991 to 1999.Hematological data were compiled from the routine health records of 9 bottlenose dolphins (Table 1) which were divided into three groups: adult males (two dolphins, aged over 12 years), adult females (two dolphins, aged over 12 years), and juveniles (one male and four females, aged under 6 years) at Enoshima Aquarium, Kanagawa, Japan. This age classification was not changed throughout the study period. Three of these dolphins were born at this facility. The other six dolphins originated in waters around Japan. When they were brought into captivity, we estimated their ages from body length and body mass [22]. Clinical data over a 9-year period (1991 to 1999) for adult males and females, and a 5-year period (1995 to 1999) for juveniles were used, and a total of 504 blood samples were taken. Only blood samples from dolphins judged to be normal by behavior, appearance, or food consumption were used.The tank is outdoors with a total seawater volume of 5000 m 3 (45 m × 25 m, oval-shaped, with a depth of 3.5 to 5.5 m).

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Sex‐related variation in metabolic profile of two wagtail species

Elarabany

2015

J. Exp. Zool.

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Progression of the vernal migratory life history stage to breeding presents a number of different behavioral and physiological changes. Long-distance passerine migrants deposit substantial fat stores to fuel their migratory journey. Many of those migratory birds arrive at their northerly breeding grounds with larger fat stores than other birds. In the current study, plasma metabolites were used to determine refueling rates in two species of songbirds at stopover sites in New Damietta, Egypt and to test the hypotheses that males refuel faster than females during spring. The results showed that males usually refuel in higher rates than females during spring in both species. The results show that sex-related variations in stopover refueling rate can be a possible mechanism for protandry in spring and faster male migration than females.

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Seasonal changes in the blood composition of captive and free-living White-crowned Sparrows

Cited by 85 publications

References 50 publications

Phenotype manipulations confirm the role of pectoral muscles and haematocrit in avian maximal thermogenic capacity

Phenotype manipulations confirm the role of pectoral muscles and haematocrit in avian maximal thermogenic capacity

Seasonal Changes of Blood Composition in Captive Bottlenose Dolphins.

Sex‐related variation in metabolic profile of two wagtail species

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