Seasonal changes in microbial biomass in the first-year ice of the Terre Adélie area (Antarctica)

Survival and recovery of Phaeocystis antarctica (Prymnesiophyceae) from prolonged darkness and freezing

“…Rich diversity and abundance of microbial organisms are frequently found within sea ice around the continent (e.g. Garrison et al 1986;Archer et al 1996;Delille et al 2002), and in view of this, it is perhaps not surprising that our results show the ability of P. antarctica to withstand environmental extremes. Sea ice organisms not only remain viable, but at least a fraction of them remain metabolically active within the ice (Kottmeier & Sullivan 1990;Grossmann 1994).…”

Food web components, and physical and chemical properties of Baltic Sea ice

“…viruses, cannot be excluded (Maranger et al 1994). HFLs are generally considered as bacterial grazers, but another group of important consumers of ice bacteria may have been small ciliates, as reported for Antarctic sea ice (Delille et al 2002). Small (ESD 20 µm) Strombidium spp.…”

Low Salinity and High-Level UV-B Radiation Reduce Single-Cell Activity in Antarctic Sea Ice Bacteria

“…For microbial communities, the ice matrix represents a harsh physicochemical environment, and productivity reflects a complex relationship between ice dynamics, the distribution of organic and inorganic nutrients, and also photosynthetically active radiation and UV-B radiation (2,9,20,22). As such, the quantitative importance of bacterial production is difficult to assess (13), but it is likely that bacteria participate in a microbial loop within the ice, whereby the consumption of bacteria supports higher trophic levels (3,5,7,8).…”