Seasonal change in the composition of the diet of eastern lowland gorillas

Yamagiwa, Juichi; Mwanza, Ndunda; Yumoto, Takakazu; Maruhashi, Tamaki

doi:10.1007/bf02381481

Cited by 131 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Other primate species have been observed to consume bark during periods when their preferred diet is less available, e.g. P. verreauxi [21][22][23][24], Gorilla gorilla [25] and Macaca fuscata [26]. Fruit along with flower consumption also increased during the transitional month of April.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and Feeding Behaviour of Indri indri in a Low-Altitude Rain Forest

Britt

Randriamandratonirina²,

Glasscock³

et al. 2003

IJFP

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The diet and feeding behaviour of Indri indri were investigated in the Betampona Reserve, eastern Madagascar, over 12 months from February 2000 to February 2001. The highly folivorous diet of this species was confirmed – feeding on foliage (leaves and petioles) accounting for 82% of feeding records. Immature leaves were the preferred dietary item, but at times of relative scarcity mature leaves, fruit, seeds, flowers and bark were substituted. The indri were observed to feed on parts from 22 plant families, 37 genera and at least 42 species. The most important plant families in the diet of Indri were Lauraceae, Clusiaceae and Myristicaceae. Most feeding at Betampona was observed at 5–20 m above the forest floor amongst small (2.1–5.0 cm), oblique/horizontal supports (0–45o). The indri spent 41.4% of their active period feeding most commonly in above-branch postures. Studies such as this are important for the development of conservation management plans for this endangered species.Introduction

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and Feeding Behaviour of Indri indri in a Low-Altitude Rain Forest

Britt

Randriamandratonirina²,

Glasscock³

et al. 2003

IJFP

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“…Mixed folivory/frugivory Casmir, 1975;Goodall and Groves, 1977;Yamagiwa et al, 1994 Gorilla beringei beringei Goodall and Groves, 1977;Fossey and Harcourt, 1977;Watts, 1984 Pongo pygmaeus Hard-object frugivory MacKinnon, 1974;Rodman, 1977;Galdikas, 1978;Ungar, 1995 Hylobates sp.…”

Section: Gorilla Beringei Grauerimentioning

confidence: 99%

Incisor Crown Bending Strength Correlates With Diet and Incisor Curvature in Anthropoid Primates

Deane

2014

The Anatomical Record

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Anthropoid incisors are large relative to the postcanine dentition and function in the preprocessing of food items. Previous analyses of anthropoid incisor allometry and shape demonstrate that incisor morphology is correlated with preferred foods and that more frugivorous anthropoids have larger and more curved incisors. Although the relationship between incisal crown curvature and preferred foods has been well documented in extant and fossil anthropoids, the functional significance of curvature variation has yet to be conclusively established. Given that an increase in crown curvature will increase maximum linear crown dimensions, and bending resistance is a function of linear crown dimensions, it is hypothesized that incisor crown curvature functons to increase incisor crown resistance to bending forces. This study uses beam theory to calculate the mesiodistal and labiolingual bending strengths of the maxillary and mandibular incisors of hominoid and platyrrhine taxa with differing diets and variable degrees of incisal curvature. Results indicate that bending strength correlates with incisal curvature and that frugivores have elevated incisor bending resistance relative to folivores. Maxillary central incisor bending strengths further discriminate platyrrhine and hominoid hardand soft-object frugivores suggesting this crown is subjected to elevated occlusal loading relative to other incisors. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that incisor crown curvature functions to increase incisor crown resistance to bending forces but does not preclude the possibility that incisor bending strength is a composite function of multiple dentognathic variables including, but not limited to, incisor crown curvature.

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“…Williams & Karasov 2001, Joyce et al 2002, Sakuragi et al 2003; or where the forage of choice may not be available, facilitating a switch to alternative food types, including reasons such as seasonal availability of different food types (e.g. Munkittrick & Dixon 1989, Yamagiwa et al 1994, Specziar et al 1998.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary habits of a large, long-lived endangered Australian percichthyid, the eastern freshwater cod Maccullochella ikei

Butler¹,

Wooden²

2012

Endang. Species. Res.

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The diet of the endangered eastern freshwater cod Maccullochella ikei Rowland, 1985 was studied over 2 consecutive years in the Mann and Nymboida River system, Australia, to determine summer and winter feeding habits. Food items were extracted using non-destructive gastric lavage. In total, 268 M. ikei were gut-flushed over the 2 yr of the study; 191 contained at least 1 food item. A large variety and broad size range of items were recovered, from small aquatic insects to relatively large terrestrial animals. We found significant differences between the food items consumed by M. ikei in summer and winter. Seasonal differences related to the increased occurrence of crustaceans, small fish and terrestrial animals in the diet of M. ikei during winter, and more aquatic insects and molluscs in summer. Food items differed significantly among size classes, with larger M. ikei consuming fewer crustaceans and more large fish and terrestrial animals. Our study revealed that M. ikei displays high plasticity in seasonal dietary habits, changes diet and foraging tactics as it grows, and appears to not always consume what would be considered optimal forage. While many of the issues surrounding the conservation of M. ikei initially appear to be localised, aspects of its biology including its dietary habits also have context across broader scales.

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Seasonal change in the composition of the diet of eastern lowland gorillas

Cited by 131 publications

References 30 publications

Diet and Feeding Behaviour of Indri indri in a Low-Altitude Rain Forest

Diet and Feeding Behaviour of Indri indri in a Low-Altitude Rain Forest

Incisor Crown Bending Strength Correlates With Diet and Incisor Curvature in Anthropoid Primates

Dietary habits of a large, long-lived endangered Australian percichthyid, the eastern freshwater cod Maccullochella ikei

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