Seasonal Biology and Ecology in New Zealand of Microctonus aethiopoides (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a Parasitoid of Sitona Spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), with Special Emphasis on Atypical Behaviour

Goldson, S. L.; Proffitt, J. R.; McNeill, M.R.

doi:10.2307/2404313

Cited by 51 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In New Zealand, Goldson et al (1990) found 85-100% infestation by Microctonus aethiopoides (Loan) in beetles remaining from an annual generation of Sitona discoideus (Gyllenhal), with minimal parasitism when new beetles emerged. The lack of oviposition by the parasitoid during the winter (overwintering diapause) resulted in minimal parasitism in August and September.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Species of this genus are known as solitary endoparasitoids of adult weevils of the genera Hypera and Sitona (Morales & Hower, 1981, Goldson et al, 1990, Listronotus (Goldson et al, 1992), Trichobaris (Cuda & Burke, 1991) and possibly Naupactus and Pantomorus (Gravena et al, 1992). Because this weevil causes extensive damage to Duboisia sp., research was undertaken to investigate the biology and ecology of Microctonus sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biology of Microctonus sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of Cyrtomon luridus BOH. (Coleoptera: Ccurculionidae)

Tironi¹,

Treuenfels²,

Parra³

2004

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Cyrtomon luridus (Boh.), a native insect of wild Solanaceae, has adapted to the medicinal plant Duboisia sp., introduced from Australia, causing damages up to 100% mortality. Microctonus sp. is the most important natural enemy of C. luridus and its potential for biological control was investigated in this work. This study was carried out in Arapongas, Paraná State, Brazil, from 1994 to 1996. Parasitism of C. luridus by Microctonus sp. was highest from February through June (maximum of 54% in May 1996), when the C. luridus adult population was decreasing. The female sex ratio of Microctonus sp. under natural conditions was 0.57 to 0.69, which was close to 1 male : 2 female. Production of males occurs parthenogetically (arrhenotoky). In the laboratory, parasitism reached 40% when two adult C. luridus were exposed per parasitoid. The number of Microctonus sp. adults that emerged per parasitized beetle ranged from 4.7 to 14.2. Larvalpupal viability was 31.7 to 64.8% and the female sex ratio ranged from 0.0 to 0.37, with prevalence of males. The egg-pupal period was 12.7 days and the pupal-adult period was 10.7 days, resulting in a mean life cycle (egg-adult) of 22.4 days for this parasitoid (25ºC, 70% R.H.). This is the first report of a new species of Microctonus sp. in C. luridus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of Microctonus sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of Cyrtomon luridus BOH. (Coleoptera: Ccurculionidae)

Tironi¹,

Treuenfels²,

Parra³

2004

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…In brief, this species lays a superabundance of eggs, the neonate larvae from which compete for a limited number of nitrogenfixing root nodules (Goldson et al 1988a). The adult weevils are parasitised by Microctonus aethiopoides Loan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Euphorinae), which sterilises and eventually kills the weevils (Goldson et al 1990). …”

Section: Parasitoids May Have Been Undervalued In the Pastmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming that the level of parasitism during summer aestivation (p{) is about 0.4 of that among weevils in autumn at the onset of reproduction (p 0 ) (Goldson et al 1990;, the relationship between autumn percentage parasitism and subsequent larval density, based on equation 3, is shown by the solid line in Fig. 3.…”

Section: Analysis Using S Discoideus/m Aethiopoides Population Dynamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, fewer species of natural enemies are likely to be suitable for use, and these must now be carefully scrutinised for possible ecological side effects (e.g., Goldson & Phillips 1991;Goldson et al 1992). Parasitoids have already made a large contribution to existing biological control programmes in New Zealand (e.g., Goldson et al 1990) and, in view of the requirements described above, the limited host range of many koinobiontic (Haeselbarth 1979) parasitoid species suggests that they are likely to become even more valuable to future efforts. In this contribution, we contend that the value of parasitoids in apparently unsuccessful biological control programmes has often been underestimated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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