Seasonal behavior of carbonyls and source characterization of formaldehyde (HCHO) in ambient air

Lui, Ka Hei; Ho, Steven Sai Hang; Louie, Peter K.K.; Chan, C. Y.; Lee, Shuncheng; Hu, Di; Chan, P. W.; Lee, Jeffrey Chi Wai; Ho, Kin Fai

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.12.004

Cited by 79 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In this regard, the findings of the present study are consistent with those by Lui et al (2017) (Hong Kong, China), Rodriguez et al (2017) (San Diego, USA), Granby et al (1997) (Central Copenhagen, Denmark), Tanner and Meng, 1984 (Rome, Italy), and De Bruin et al, (2008) (in twelve European cities). Photochemical generation of FA and AA is possible due to oxidative degradation of VOCs such as alkenes enhanced by hydroxyl radicals in summer (Duan et al, 2012; Lui et al, 2017; Morknoy et al, 2011; Possanzini et al, 2002). To reinforce the importance of photo-oxidation in forming FA and AA, it is worth noting Morknoy et al (2011) observed diminished concentrations of FA and AA from day to night by 8% and 6%, respectively (Morknoy et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Hence, the results of this study show that FA was as abundant as AA in two seasons. These results are in line with those from Hong Kong (China) (Lui et al, 2017), Bangkok (Thailand) (Morknoy et al, 2011), New York (USA) (Tanner and Meng, 1984), Rome (Italy) (Possanzini et al, 2002), Georgia (USA) (Grosjean et al, 1993), Kuopio (Finland) (Viskari et al, 2000), Bangkok (Thailand) (Tunsaringkarn et al, 2012b), Guiyang, (Southwest China) (Pang and Lee, 2010), Salvador (Brazil) (Rodrigues et al, 2012), and 2 northern California counties (Alameda and Monterey) (Bradman et al, 2017). …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Characteristics and health effects of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in an urban area in Iran

Delikhoon

Fazlzadeh

Sorooshian

et al. 2018

Environmental Pollution

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This study reports a spatiotemporal characterization of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the summer and winter of 2017 in the urban area of Shiraz, Iran. Sampling was fulfilled according to EPA Method TO-11 A. The inverse distance weighting (IDW) procedure was used for spatial mapping. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to evaluate carcinogenic and non-cancer risk owing to formaldehyde and acetaldehyde exposure in 11 age groups. The average concentrations of formal-dehyde/acetaldehyde in the summer and winter were 15.07/8.40 μg m−3 and 8.57/3.52 μg m−3, respectively. The formaldehyde to acetaldehyde ratios in the summer and winter were 1.80 and 2.43, respectively. The main sources of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were photochemical generation, vehicular traffic, and biogenic emissions (e.g., coniferous and deciduous trees). The mean inhalation lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) values according to the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in summer and winter ranged between 7.55 × 10−6 and 9.25 × 10−5, which exceed the recommended value by US EPA. The average LTCR according to the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in summer and winter were between 4.82 × 10−6 and 2.58 × 10−4, which exceeds recommended values for five different age groups (Birth to <1, 1 to <2, 2 to < 3, 3 to <6, and 6 to <11 years). Hazard quotients (HQs) of formaldehyde ranged between 0.04 and 4.18 for both seasons, while the HQs for acetaldehyde were limited between 0.42 and 0.97.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Characteristics and health effects of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in an urban area in Iran

Delikhoon

Fazlzadeh

Sorooshian

et al. 2018

Environmental Pollution

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“…After considering the long-term record and data quality, HCHO observations from OMPS were adopted in this study. Due to the low global coverage of the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (Aura-TES; Luo et al, 2002Luo et al, , 2007 and the increasing noise of the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (Aqua-AIRS) after 2004 (Pagano et al, 2012), which both measure tropospheric CO in close temporal proximity to the OMPS observations, obtaining a precise CO concentration in the YRD after 2013 from satellite data was difficult. Therefore, CO and O 3 concentrations at the surface, simultaneously monitored by the China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC) network, were used in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary and secondary sources of ambient formaldehyde in the Yangtze River Delta based on Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) observations

Liu

et al. 2019

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Formaldehyde (HCHO) in the ambient air not only causes cancer but is also an ideal indicator of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are major precursors of ozone (O 3 ) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) near the surface. It is meaningful to differentiate between the direct emission and the secondary formation of HCHO for HCHO pollution control and sensitivity studies of O 3 production. However, understanding of the sources of HCHO is still poor in China, due to the scarcity of field measurements (both spatially and temporally). In this study, tropospheric HCHO vertical column densities (VCDs) in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), East China, where HCHO pollution is serious, were retrieved from the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi-NPP) satellite from 2014 to 2017; these retrievals showed good agreement with the tropospheric HCHO columns measured using ground-based high-resolution Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTS) with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.78. Based on these results, the cancer risk was estimated both nationwide and in the YRD region. It was calculated that at least 7840 people in the YRD region would develop cancer in their lives due to outdoor HCHO exposure, which comprised 23.4 % of total national cancer risk. Furthermore, the contributions of primary and secondary sources were apportioned, in addition to primary and secondary tracers from surface observations. Overall, the HCHO from secondary formation contributed most to ambient HCHO and can be regarded as the indicator of VOC reactivity in Hangzhou and in urban areas of Nanjing and Shanghai from 2015 to 2017, due to the strong correlation between total HCHO and secondary HCHO. At industrial sites in Nanjing, primary emissions more strongly influenced ambient HCHO concentrations in 2015 and showed an obvious decreasing trend. Seasonally, HCHO from secondary formation reached a maximum in summer and a minimum in winter. In the spring, summer, and autumn, secondary formation had a significant effect on the variation of ambient HCHO in urban regions of Nanjing, Hangzhou, and Shanghai, whereas in the winter the contribution from secondary formation became less significant. A more thorough understanding of the variation of the primary and secondary contributions of ambient HCHO is needed to develop a better knowledge regarding the role Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 6718 W. Su et al.: Primary and secondary sources of ambient formaldehyde in the Yangtze River Delta of HCHO in atmospheric chemistry and to formulate effective control measures to decrease HCHO pollution and the associated cancer risk.

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“…FA may directly originate from natural sources, from several anthropogenic activities and from indirect product via the photochemical oxidations of hydrocarbons in the atmosphere [8,9]. FA has been detected in several occupational settings involving wood-based materials, laminates, paints and urea-based resins [10] and is used as disinfectant and preservative in hospitals and in pathology units [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formaldehyde, Oxidative Stress, and FeNO in Traffic Police Officers Working in Two Cities of Northern Italy

Squillacioti¹,

Bellisario²,

Grosso

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Personal air formaldehyde (air-FA) was measured as risk factor of airways inflammation and oxidative stress (SO) induction. Overall, 154 police officers were enrolled from two differently urbanised Italian cities, Turin and Pavia. Urinary F2t-isoprostane (15-F2t-IsoP), a prostaglandin-like compound, was quantified as a biomarker of general OS in vivo and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was measured for monitoring local inflammatory processes. Urinary cotinine was quantified as a biomarker of tobacco smoking exposure. Traffic police officers living in Turin showed an increased level of log air-FA (p < 0.001), equal to +53.6% (p < 0.001). Log air-(FA) mean values were 3.38 (C.I. 95% 3.33–3.43) and 2.84 (C.I. 95% 2.77–2.92) in Turin and Pavia, respectively. Log (air-FA) was higher in “outdoor workers” (3.18, C.I. 95% 3.13–3.24, p = 0.035) compared to “indoor workers”, showing an increase of +9.3%, even controlling for sex and city. The analyses on 15-F2t-IsoP and FeNO, both adjusted for log air-FA, highlighted that OS and inflammation were higher (+66.8%, p < 0.001 and +75%, p < 0.001, respectively) in Turin traffic police officers compared to those from Pavia. Our findings suggest that even low exposures to traffic-related emissions and urbanisation may influence both general oxidative stress levels and local inflammation.

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Seasonal behavior of carbonyls and source characterization of formaldehyde (HCHO) in ambient air

Cited by 79 publications

References 40 publications

Characteristics and health effects of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in an urban area in Iran

Characteristics and health effects of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in an urban area in Iran

Primary and secondary sources of ambient formaldehyde in the Yangtze River Delta based on Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) observations

Formaldehyde, Oxidative Stress, and FeNO in Traffic Police Officers Working in Two Cities of Northern Italy

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