Seasonal applicability of horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetland for trace elements and nutrient removal from urban wastes to conserve Ganga River water quality at Haridwar, India

Rai, Umesh; Upadhyay, Atul Kumar; Singh, Naveen; Dwivedi, Sanjay; Tripathi, Rudra Deo

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.04.039

Cited by 81 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Similar results are also reported by other authors [45,[50][51][52]. On the other hand, higher evapotranspiration rates in spring-summer period which will result in a lengthening of the retention times (on average 3.2 days), which ensures more time for phosphorus removal by both physical and chemical processes as biological processes [39,42].…”

Section: Phosphorous Removalsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effectiveness and Temporal Variation of a Full-Scale Horizontal Constructed Wetland in Reducing Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Domestic Wastewater

et al. 2018

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Abstract:Cultural eutrophication stimulated by anthropogenic-derived nutrients represents one of most widespread water quality problems worldwide. Constructed wetlands (CWs) have emerged as an aesthetic, sustainable form of wastewater treatment, but, although they have shown adequate levels of organic matter removal in wastewaters, the effectiveness of nutrient removal has been less successful. An eleven-month monitoring program was undertaken in a horizontal subsurface flow CW (HSSF-CW) treating domestic wastewater from a village in Centre Region of Portugal, to evaluate the influence of climatic conditions (Continental-Mediterranean Climate region) and seasonal variations on removal. This CW uses gravel and sand as substrate and Phragmites australis as wetland plants. Samples were collected at the inlet and outlet from wetland bed and analyzed for pH, TN, Org-N, NH 4 + -N, NO x -N, TP and DP. The removal efficiencies (RE) of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds were relatively poor, but the results allow us to conclude that season had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the RE of TN, NH 4 + -N, NO x -N, TP and DP, with higher values in warmest period (10.4%, 10.4%, 3.4%, 27.5% and 26.1%, respectively) than in coldest period (0%, −7.7%, −9.8%, 12.9% and 0%, respectively). Although lower hydraulic loading rate (HLR) generally resulted in better RE of all N and P compounds analyzed, no significant linear relationship was observed between these two variables. TN and NH 4 + -N concentrations in the effluent tend to significantly (p < 0.05) decrease with increasing respective incoming mass load rates for whole monitoring period and during spring-summer period, while the correlation between outlet TP concentrations and the inlet loading rate are not significant. The results indicate that the system is not effective for removal of nutrients, probably because it operated on overload and with a low hydraulic retention time (HRT) (average = 2.4 days). The results also showed that the RE of N and P followed seasonal trends, with higher values during spring-summer period.

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Section: Phosphorous Removalsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effectiveness and Temporal Variation of a Full-Scale Horizontal Constructed Wetland in Reducing Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Domestic Wastewater

et al. 2018

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“…Another study showed anammox process was seriously inhibited with mean temperature lower than 15°C . Season variations (higher in summer, lower in winter) were also found for the plant bioconcentration factor, translocation factor, and heavy metal removal including Cr, As, Ni, Mn, Co, and Zn (Rai et al, 2015). (Foladori et al, 2015).…”

Section: Other Areas Of Considerationmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Cd removal rate could reach 70% in VFCW with macrophytes (Arivoli et al, 2015), 82.4% by HSSFCW , and 91.8% in VSSFCW planted with Iris sibirica . HSSFCW was able to reduce Mercury from municipal wastewater by 63.7% (Sima et al, 2015), and Pb by more than 78.6% with vegetation (Rai et al, 2015) or 95% with proper influent concentration (25 mg/L) . Heavy metal removal rate by the plant uptake differs according to metal species in the order Cr, Ni > As, Cd, Pb consistent to relative concentration in the rhizosphere environmental of microcosms (Guittonny-Philippe et al, 2015).…”

Section: Wetlands For Emerging Pollutants Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment

Martinez‐Guerra

Gude

et al. 2016

Water Environment Research

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An update on the current research and development of the treatment technologies, which utilize natural processes or passive components in wastewater treatment, is provided in this paper. The main focus is on wetland systems and their applications in wastewater treatment (as an advanced treatment unit or decentralized system), nutrient and pollutant removal (metals, industrial and emerging pollutants including pharmaceutical compounds). A summary of studies involving the effects of vegetation, wetland design and modeling, hybrid and innovative systems, storm water treatment and pathogen removal is also included.

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“…For example, [9] show how employing wetlands in an urban river system can partially remove nutrients and other elements that affect the ecosystem of a river. Likewise, [10] show that vegetation improves and maintains waterways and that sites with good riparian vegetation typically have better water qualities than those lacking riparian vegetation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Local Land Use on the Water Quality of Urban Rivers

Covarrubia¹

2016

geomate

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Urban river flows are often highly variable and extremely polluted, which limits their potential for recreational use and as habitat for terrestrial and aquatic organisms. This study investigates how different urban landuses are reflected in the water quality of a specific river. To accomplish this, the study adopts a longitudinal approach and assesses water quality at multiple points along a single system that has three distinct land uses: 1) rural and agricultural; 2) residential; and 3) industrial. The study shows that water quality is relatively good in the rural and agricultural region, shows signs of impairment in the residential region, and becomes heavily impaired in the industrial region-despite having very similar stream side environments (good riparian vegetation cover and a floodway reserve) for its entire length. This study identifies which portions of the catchment are most responsible for non-point source pollution in urban rivers and therefore can be used to target remediation strategies to help improve the overall quality of these systems.

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Seasonal applicability of horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetland for trace elements and nutrient removal from urban wastes to conserve Ganga River water quality at Haridwar, India

Cited by 81 publications

References 55 publications

Effectiveness and Temporal Variation of a Full-Scale Horizontal Constructed Wetland in Reducing Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Domestic Wastewater

Effectiveness and Temporal Variation of a Full-Scale Horizontal Constructed Wetland in Reducing Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Domestic Wastewater

Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment

The Influence of Local Land Use on the Water Quality of Urban Rivers

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