Seasonal and spatial variations of PPCP occurrence, removal and mass loading in three wastewater treatment plants located in different urbanization areas in Xiamen, China

Sun, Qian; Li, Mingyue; Ma, Cong; Chen, Xiangqiang; Xie, Xianjun; Yu, Chang‐Ping

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2015.10.003

Cited by 205 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…S5). Concentrations of PPCPs in surface waters were similar to and often lower than previously reported values for PPCPs in surface waters (Supplementary Material, Table S3) (Kolpin et al, 2002; Loraine and Pettigrove, 2006; Pedersen et al, 2005; Sun et al, 2016). Individual chemicals with lower log Kows were predominant in the Outlet, and gemfibrozil, a prescription drug with a high log Kow (4.77), was rarely detected in surface water samples (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

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Pharmaceuticals in a temperate forest-water reuse system

McEachran

Shea

Nichols

2017

Science of The Total Environment

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Forest-water reuse systems infiltrate municipal, industrial, and agricultural wastewaters through forest soils to shallow aquifers that ultimately discharge to surface waters. Their ability to mitigate regulated nutrients, metals, and organic chemicals is well known, but the fate of non-regulated chemicals in these systems is largely unstudied. This study quantified 33 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in soils, groundwaters, and surface waters in a 2000-hectare forest that receives ~1200 mm/year of secondary-treated, municipal wastewater in addition to natural rainfall (~1300 mm/year). This forest-water reuse system does contribute PPCPs to soils, groundwater, and surface waters. PPCPs were more abundant in soils versus underlying groundwater by an order of magnitude (5–10 ng/g summed PPCPs in soil and 50–100 ng/L in groundwater) and the more hydrophobic chemicals were predominant in soil over water. PPCP concentrations in surface waters were greater at the onset of significant storm events and during low-rainfall periods when total summed PPCPs were >80 ng/L, higher than the annual average. With few exceptions, the margins of exposure for PPCPs in groundwater and surface waters were several orders of magnitude above values indicative of human health risk.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The targeted analytes were selected due to their ubiquity in wastewater (Kolpin et al, 2002; Papageorgiou et al, 2016; Sun et al, 2016) and high usage in the USA (Kolpin et al, 2002). All soil and water sample extracts were analyzed in the same manner (McEachran et al, 2016).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceuticals in a temperate forest-water reuse system

McEachran

Shea

Nichols

2017

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Previous studies have identified that the occurrence of PPCPs could have significant geographical patterns. The analyte concentrations in the present study are comparable with data reported in other studies with different geographical pattern (Beijing, Xiamen and Shanghai, data not shown) (Sui et al, 2010;Sui et al, 2015;Sun et al, 2016).…”

Section: Ppcp Profiles In Chinese Wastewatersupporting

confidence: 95%

Measuring selected PPCPs in wastewater to estimate the population in different cities in China

Gao

O’Brien

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Sampling and analysis of wastewater from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has become a useful tool for understanding exposure to chemicals. Both wastewater based studies and management and planning of the catchment require information on catchment population in the time of monitoring. Recently, a model has been developed and calibrated using selected pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) measured in influent wastewater for estimating population in different catchments in Australia. The present study aimed at evaluating the feasibility of utilizing this population estimation approach in China. Twenty-four hour composite influent samples were collected from 31 WWTPs in 17 cities with catchment sizes from 200,000-3,450,000 people representing all seven regions of China. The samples were analyzed for 19 PPCPs using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry in direct injection mode. Eight chemicals were detected in more than 50% of the samples. Significant positive correlations were found between individual PPCP mass loads and population estimates provided by WWTP operators. Using the PPCP mass load modeling approach calibrated with WWTP operator data, we estimated the population size of each catchment with good agreement with WWTP operator values (between 50-200% for all sites and 75-125% for 23 of the 31 sites). Overall, despite much lower detection and relatively high heterogeneity in PPCP consumption across China the model provided a good estimate of the population contributing to a given wastewater sample. Wastewater analysis could also provide objective PPCP consumption status in China.

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“…In jurisdictions with limited or no sewage treatment, such as in Victoria B.C. Canada, PPCP concentrations in effluent tend to be higher than effluent from facilities with higher levels of treatment which has been shown to effectively reduce the concentration of many PPCPs (Kasprzyk-Hordern et al, 2009;Lowe, 2011;Sun et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Municipal Wastewater and the Marine Receiving Environment Near Victoria Canada

2017

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Concerns over the fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) within the environment have been growing with the advent of more precise analytical methods. The discharge of municipal wastewater has been identified as a significant source of these contaminants, particularly where wastewater treatment is minimal. Here we present results from a comprehensive monitoring regime located around Victoria, BC, Canada. Samples were collected between 2009 and 2016 from a variety of sources including marine water, sediment and biota adjacent to two major untreated sewage outfalls, as well as the sewage itself. PPCP concentrations within the untreated sewage were high, and the sediment surrounding the outfalls showed corresponding contamination. However, this contamination dropped quickly with distance from the outfall such that by 800 m distance most PPCPs were below detection limits. Tissue samples of resident Northern Horse mussels (Modiolus modiolus) collected adjacent to one of the major sewage outfalls showed high single sample concentrations of the antimicrobial triclosan (317 ng g −1 dry weight), the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (176 ng g −1 dry weight), as well as the antidepressant sertraline (84.1 ng g −1 dry weight). Reference stations from around the region showed very low concentrations of contamination with almost all PPCP concentrations being below detection limits. Within the sewage, concentrations were largely stable overtime, with the exception of triclosan and triclocarban which both showed declines over the study period.

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Seasonal and spatial variations of PPCP occurrence, removal and mass loading in three wastewater treatment plants located in different urbanization areas in Xiamen, China

Cited by 205 publications

References 41 publications

Pharmaceuticals in a temperate forest-water reuse system

Pharmaceuticals in a temperate forest-water reuse system

Measuring selected PPCPs in wastewater to estimate the population in different cities in China

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Municipal Wastewater and the Marine Receiving Environment Near Victoria Canada

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