Seasonal and socio-demographic predictors of suicide in Ireland: A 22year study

Casey, Patricia; Gemmell, Isla; Hiroeh, Urara; Fulwood, Catherine

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.09.020

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, in our study, the mean age was found to be 39-42 in both women and men, which is different from the literature. Similar data were found in a study conducted in Ireland investigating suicide data of 22 years where the highest suicide rates were found among individuals between 40 and 44 years of age [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Suicide Rate in a Mediterranean Island: North Cyprus

Bozkurt¹

2015

J Psychiatry

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Journal of Psychiatry AbstractObjective: This study determines the distribution of suicides according to years and seasons as well as the frequency of completed suicides in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.Method: All suicides that resulted in death in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) between the years of 2010-2013 were included in the study.Results: Fifty-six individuals committed suicide between 2010 and 2013. Male/female ratio was estimated to be 2.5. The mean rate of suicides per 100000 individuals for all 4 years was, 4.89. In males, the rate of violent suicide attempts was 82.5% (n: 33/40), while this rate was 56.2% (n: 9/16) in females. Conclusions:The data from the current study suggest that the rate of suicide in North Cyprus Turkish Republic is higher than the rate in most Muslim countries, which is lower than the general world average and close to the rates observed in Turkey and South Cyprus. The male/female ratio was closer to that found in Turkey, Iran and Japan. Finally, the method and seasonal characteristics were similar to previous reports in the literature.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Suicide Rate in a Mediterranean Island: North Cyprus

Bozkurt¹

2015

J Psychiatry

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“…Three studies, two carried out in England, one in the USA, detected a peak in cases of suicides in spring and early autumn [21,22,23], which was corroborated by a literature review specifically focussing on suicide by drowning [24]. Meanwhile, a study on suicide in Ireland found that, while there was a spring peak, in contrast to the other studies there was an autumn trough [25]. An Australian study found that, while there was a seasonal trend in violent methods of suicide, non-violent methods such as poisoning displayed no seasonal effect [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Hospital usage of TOXBASE in Great Britain: Temporal trends in accesses 2008 to 2015

et al. 2018

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“…1). Statistically significant increases in the amplitude of the seasonal suicide rhythm have also been found in Ireland (1980–2000) [40] and Australia (1970–1999) [41]. By contrast, the amplitude of the seasonal suicide rhythm did not change significantly in either Austria (1970–2008) [33] or China (1991–2009) [39], whereas in Norway (1969–2007) [38] and possibly Slovenia (1971–2002) [45] the amplitude decreased significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Goodwin and Jamison [7] reviewed 61 studies in the northern hemisphere and found a striking May peak in suicides and a less common, smaller bimodal October peak. Since the review of Goodwin and Jamison [7], there have been dozens of additional studies that have replicated consistent late spring peaks in suicide in nearly all of the largest datasets, including in the northern hemisphere (in those studies that reported both a monthly peak and a total n for suicides), the USA (May; n = 649,843, the present study), Japan (April; n = 501,950 [29]), Sweden (May; n = 161,182 [30]), Italy (May; n = 141,180 [31]), Finland (May; n = 96,159 [30]), England (January; n = 92,909 [32]), Austria (May; n = 67,741 [33]), Mexico (May; n = 64,298 [34]), Spain (July; n = 42,905 [35]), Denmark (May; n = 37,987 [36]), Switzerland (May/June; n = 37,518 [37]), Norway (May; n = 20,156 [38]), China (May; n = 14,450 [39]), and Ireland (April; n = 7,899 [40]). In the southern hemisphere, reciprocal spring peaks have been found in Australia (November; n = 57,936 [41]), South Africa (October; n = 16,389 [42]), and São Paulo, Brazil (November; n = 6,916 [43]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chris Cornell, the Black Hole Sun, and the Seasonality of Suicide

Schwartz¹

2019

Neuropsychobiology

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Purpose: Seattle-inspired rock and roll superstar Chris Cornell died by suicide in May 2017. In the northern hemisphere, May represents the peak of the widely replicated but still unexplained seasonal spring rhythm in suicide. Years earlier, Cornell had suffered openly from recurrent bouts of severe depression, and his early musical lyrics do indeed suggest an enduring sensitivity to the vicissitudes of depressed and suicidal states. Cornell’s most famous song, Black Hole Sun, suggests a mixed mood state, the incidence of which also peaks in the spring. The present work explores Cornell’s May suicide from a chronobiologic perspective. Methods: Review of Cornell’s lyrics and literature on suicide. Results: Cornell’s lyrics contain clear indicators of mixed depressive and seasonal imagery, highlighting 3 fundamental axioms of suicidology: (1) the yearly suicide rhythm peaks in May in the northern hemisphere, (2) mixed depressive states are particularly lethal, and (3) the suicide risk increases dramatically when recovering from depression and mood turns mixed. Conclusions: Cornell, in his life and music, left us with a novel and important hypothesis about the spring seasonality of suicide, namely, that the yearly suicide risk becomes maximal when winter turns to spring and there emerges a deadly mixed mood state under a May photoperiod, i.e., the suicide risk is maximal when a Black Hole Sun occurs in May. It is hoped that Cornell’s legacy and sensitive hypothesis inspire research into the etiology and treatment of the spring seasonality of suicide risk and mixed mood states. Limitations: The Cornell hypothesis was formulated based in part on several speculative inferences regarding the course of his functioning just prior to his suicide.

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Seasonal and socio-demographic predictors of suicide in Ireland: A 22year study

Abstract: Background: Seasonal influences on suicide have been studied for many years with

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

Suicide Rate in a Mediterranean Island: North Cyprus

Suicide Rate in a Mediterranean Island: North Cyprus

Hospital usage of TOXBASE in Great Britain: Temporal trends in accesses 2008 to 2015

Chris Cornell, the Black Hole Sun, and the Seasonality of Suicide

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