Seasonal and Regional Contributors of 1-Hydroxypyrene among Children near a Steel Mill

Lee, Mi‐Sun; Eum, Ki-Do; Lee, Ki-Young; Kim, Ho; Paek, Domyung

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0612

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our findings are in line with previous studies reporting higher amounts of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), a biomarker of PAH exposure (49), in children living near point industrial sources of PAHs (50)(51)(52). The study of Wilhelm (50) showed that children, 5-9 years of age, living close to a coke oven plant in North Duisburg, Germany, had increased levels of 1-OHP and other PAH metabolites in urine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…A positive association between external and internal exposure was also reported between B(a)P in ambient air and the urinary levels of 1-OHP in children resident in the Duisburg North hot spot. Lee et al (51) measured the urinary excretion of 1-OHP in children, 7-15 years of age, resident near a steel mill in the southern part of Korea. The residential proximity to the steel mill was associated with significantly increased levels of 1-OHP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine and bulky DNA adducts in schoolchildren resident in the proximity of the Sarroch industrial estate on Sardinia Island, Italy

Peluso¹,

Munnia²,

Ceppi

et al. 2013

Mutagenesis

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Air quality is a primary environmental concern in highly industrialised areas, with potential health effects in children residing nearby. The Sarroch industrial estate in Cagliari province, Sardinia Island, Italy, hosts the world's largest power plant and the second largest European oil refinery and petrochemical park. This industrial estate produces a complex mixture of air pollutants, including benzene, heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Thus, we conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the prevalence of malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine adducts in the nasal epithelium of 75 representative children, aged 6-14 years, attending primary and secondary schools in Sarroch in comparison with 73 rural controls. Additionally, the levels of bulky DNA adducts were analysed in a subset of 62 study children. DNA damage was measured by (32)P-postlabelling methodologies. The air concentrations of benzene and ethyl benzene were measured in the school gardens of Sarroch and a rural village by diffusive samplers. Outdoor measurements were also performed in other Sarroch areas and in the proximity of the industrial estate. The outdoor levels of benzene and ethyl benzene were significantly higher in the school gardens of Sarroch than in the rural village. Higher concentrations were also found in other Sarroch areas and in the vicinity of the industrial park. The mean levels of malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine adducts per 10(8) normal nucleotides ± standard error (SE) were 74.6±9.1 and 34.1±4.4 in the children from Sarroch and the rural village, respectively. The mean ratio was 2.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.71-2.89, P < 0.001, versus rural controls. Similarly, the levels of bulky DNA adducts per 10(8) normal nucleotides ± SE were 2.9±0.4 and 1.6±0.2 in the schoolchildren from Sarroch and the rural village, respectively. The means ratio was 1.90, 95% CI: 1.25-2.89, P = 0.003 versus rural controls. Our study indicates that children residing near the industrial estate have a significant increment of DNA damage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine and bulky DNA adducts in schoolchildren resident in the proximity of the Sarroch industrial estate on Sardinia Island, Italy

Peluso¹,

Munnia²,

Ceppi

et al. 2013

Mutagenesis

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“…Pyrene is the only known precursor of this metabolite, and it forms a consistent proportion of higher molecular weight PAHs in the environment. Also, 1-hydroxypyrene is found to be clearly elevated in occupational settings with high PAH exposure 21,23,24. PAH exposure occurs as a mixture of compounds, and pyrene is almost always found in this mixture in reasonably high proportion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Also, 1-hydroxypyrene is found to be clearly elevated in occupational settings with high PAH exposure. 21,23,24 PAH exposure occurs as a mixture of compounds, and pyrene is almost always found in this mixture in reasonably high proportion. Urinary 1-hydroypyrene (1-OHPY) has strongly been linked with an increased risk of cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene as a Biomarker to Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure

et al. 2012

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In order to capture the extent of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), various biomarkers have been employed. The biomarkers employed for PAHs include PAHs genetoxic end points in lymphocytes, urinary metabolites, PAH-DNA adducts, and PAH-Protein adducts. Of these, excretory 1-hydroxypyene, a metabolite of pyrene, has been used extensively as a biological monitoring indicator of exposure to PAHs. This study attempts to assess the level of this biomarker in the body fluid of 68 exposed subjects using high performance liquid chromatography HPLC. The subjects screened included auto mechanics, drivers, and fuel attendants. 1-hydroxypyrene was extracted from the urine of the subjects using solid phase extraction method. The HPLC analysis was done in isocratic mode using water:methanol (12:88 v/v) mobile phase. The stationary phase was XBridge C18 (150 × 4.6 mm) 5 μm column. The wavelength was 250 nm at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. The oven temperature was 30 ºC and the injection volume was 20 μL. The run time was 3 minutes. The level of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene detected varied for the different categories of occupation studied. About 27% of sampled fuel attendants and 22% of auto mechanics had detectable 1-hydroxypyrene in their urine samples. There was no detectable 1-hydroxypyene in the urine samples of commercial drivers or in the urine samples of students used as controls. The results of this study showed that fuel attendants and auto mechanics have significant exposures to PAHs. So far, there is no established benchmark for level of PAHs in urine, but our findings indicate the possibility of future cancer cases in this population as a result of their occupational exposure. The study was not able to link the level of 1-hydroxypyene with the smoking habits of the subjects.

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“…To assess the internal dose of PAH exposure, urinary 1-OHP, a metabolite of pyrene, has been used widely as a relevant marker of ambient PAH exposure in various occupational8–10 and non-occupational settings 11. While the carcinogenic potential of PAH exposure in terms of increased risk of lung cancer12 and cardiopulmonary mortality13 have been documented, very little is known about their adverse effects on the cardiovascular system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac autonomic dysfunction from occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Lee¹,

Magari²,

Christiani

2010

Occup Environ Med

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Objectives Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposures have been associated with cardiopulmonary mortality and cardiovascular events. This study investigated the association between a biological marker of PAHs exposure, assessed by urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), and heart rate variability (HRV) in an occupational cohort of boilermakers. Methods Continuous 24-hour monitoring of the ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) and pre and post shift urinary 1-OHP were repeated over extended periods of the work week. Mixed effects models were fit for the 5-minute standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) in relation to urinary 1-OHP levels pre and post workshift on the day they wore the monitor, controlling for potential confounders. Results We found a significant decrease in 5-min SDNN during work of −13.6% (95% confidence interval, −17.2% to −9.8%) for every standard deviation (0.53 microgram/gram [μg/g] creatinine) increase in the next-morning pre-shift 1-OHP levels. The magnitude of reduction in 5-min SDNN were largest during the late night period after work and increased with every standard deviation (0.46 μg/g creatinine) increase in post-shift 1-OHP levels. Conclusion This is the first report providing evidence that occupational exposure to PAHs is associated with altered cardiac autonomic function. Acute exposure to PAHs may be an important predictor of cardiovascular disease risk in the work environment.

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Seasonal and Regional Contributors of 1-Hydroxypyrene among Children near a Steel Mill

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine and bulky DNA adducts in schoolchildren resident in the proximity of the Sarroch industrial estate on Sardinia Island, Italy

Malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine and bulky DNA adducts in schoolchildren resident in the proximity of the Sarroch industrial estate on Sardinia Island, Italy

Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene as a Biomarker to Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure

Cardiac autonomic dysfunction from occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

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