Seasonal and long-term trends in atmospheric PAH concentrations: evidence and implications

Prevedouros, Konstantinos; Brorström-Lundén, Eva; Halsall, Crispin J.; Jones, Kevin C.; Lee, Robert G. M.; Sweetman, Andrew J.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2003.08.032

Cited by 120 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The PAHs that were detected are ones that have a higher volatility and are commonly identified in air and water samples [33,34]. Losses of the photolysis marker (loss in sampler because of exposure to sunlight) ranging from 55 to 88% at Lower McCabe Lake, Ostrander Lake, and Upper Granite Lake indicate that PAHs may have been present at higher concentrations than measured by the SPMD; however, it is reasonable to assume that any PAHs present in the water column had also photolyzed, just as the ones inside the SPMD did.…”

Section: Concentrations In Spmdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition and accumulation of airborne organic contaminants in Yosemite National Park, California

Mast

Alvarez

Zaugg

2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Deposition and accumulation of airborne organic contaminants in Yosemite National Park were examined by sampling atmospheric deposition, lichen, zooplankton, and lake sediment at different elevations. Passive samplers were deployed in highelevation lakes to estimate surface-water concentrations. Detected compounds included current-use pesticides chlorpyrifos, dacthal, and endosulfans and legacy compounds chlordane, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane-related compounds, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, and polychlorinated biphenyls. Concentrations in snow were similar among sites and showed little variation with elevation. Endosulfan concentrations in summer rain appeared to coincide with application rates in the San Joaquin Valley. More than 70% of annual pesticide inputs from atmospheric deposition occurred during the winter, largely because most precipitation falls as snow. Endosulfan and chlordane concentrations in lichen increased with elevation, indicating that mountain cold-trapping might be an important control on accumulation of these compounds. By contrast, chlorpyrifos concentrations were inversely correlated with elevation, indicating that distance from source areas was the dominant control. Sediment concentrations were inversely correlated with elevation, possibly because of the organic carbon content of sediments but also perhaps the greater mobility of organic contaminants at lower elevations. Surface-water concentrations inferred from passive samplers were at sub-parts-per-trillion concentrations, indicating minimal exposure to aquatic organisms from the water column. Concentrations in sediment generally were low, except for dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane in Tenaya Lake, which exceeded sediment guidelines for protection of benthic organisms. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:524-533. # 2011 SETAC

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Section: Concentrations In Spmdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition and accumulation of airborne organic contaminants in Yosemite National Park, California

Mast

Alvarez

Zaugg

2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…pPAHs are ubiquitous in ambient air and occur both in particulate and gaseous phases (25). Particles are deposited slowly from the atmosphere (staying airborne for days) (25) and are often transported over long distances (26).…”

Section: Vaporization Of Hydrocarbons As a Potential Source For The Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical evidence for combustion of hydrocarbons during the K-T impact event

Belcher¹,

Finch

Collinson³

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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It has been proposed that extensive wildfires occurred after the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) impact event. An abundance of soot and pyrosynthetic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pPAHs) in marine K-T boundary impact rocks (BIRs) have been considered support for this hypothesis. However, nonmarine K-T BIRs, from across North America, contain only rare occurrences of charcoal yet abundant noncharred plant remains. pPAHs and soot can be formed from a variety of sources, including partial combustion of vegetation and hydrocarbons whereby modern pPAH signatures are traceable to their source. We present results from multiple nonmarine K-T boundary sites from North America and reveal that the K-T BIRs have a pPAH signature consistent with the combustion of hydrocarbons and not living plant biomass, providing further evidence against K-T wildfires and compelling evidence that a significant volume of hydrocarbons was combusted during the K-T impact event.

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“…Possible explanations for the short time observed decline of PAH concentrations in European countries were seasonal factors as photo degradation (Schauer, Niessner et al, 2003), different contamination of air masses impacting monitored sites, specific local emissions, i.e. domestic heating (Prevedouros, Brorstrom-Lunden et al, 2004) and industrial activities (Fertmann, Tesseraux et al, 2002). Regulations designed to reduce emissions from mobile sources were identified as possible explanation for long time PAH pollution trends (Menichini, Belladonna et al, 2006), but no clear demonstration was offered by authors for these hypotheses.…”

Section: Trends Of Pah Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…time (years) expected for the reduction to half of the mean annual PAH concentrations (Prevedouros, Brorstrom-Lunden et al, 2004).…”

Section: Half-lives Of Pah Concentrations In Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Converters and PAH Pollution in Urban Areas

Valerio¹,

Stella²,

Pala³

et al. 2011

Advanced Air Pollution

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Seasonal and long-term trends in atmospheric PAH concentrations: evidence and implications

Cited by 120 publications

References 22 publications

Deposition and accumulation of airborne organic contaminants in Yosemite National Park, California

Deposition and accumulation of airborne organic contaminants in Yosemite National Park, California

Geochemical evidence for combustion of hydrocarbons during the K-T impact event

Catalytic Converters and PAH Pollution in Urban Areas

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