Seasonal and interannual variations in HCN amounts in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed by MIPAS

Glatthor, N.; Höpfner, Michael; Stiller, G. P.; Clarmann, T. von; Funke, B.; Lossow, Stefan; Eckert, E.; Grabowski, U.; Kellmann, S.; Linden, A.; Walker, Kaley A.; Wiegele, A.

doi:10.5194/acp-15-563-2015

Cited by 25 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1b, c), consistent with independent satellite observations from the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MI- PAS; Glatthor et al, 2015). Hence, a contribution from the SH to stratospheric HCN cannot be ruled out.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Quantifying pollution transport from the Asian monsoon anticyclone into the lower stratosphere

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Pollution transport from the surface to the stratosphere within the Asian monsoon circulation may cause harmful effects on stratospheric chemistry and climate. Here, we investigate air mass transport from the monsoon anticyclone into the stratosphere using a Lagrangian chemistry transport model. We show how two main transport pathways from the anticyclone emerge: (i) into the tropical stratosphere (tropical pipe), and (ii) into the Northern Hemisphere (NH) extratropical lower stratosphere. Maximum anticyclone air mass fractions reach around 5 % in the tropical pipe and 15 % in the extratropical lowermost stratosphere over the course of a year. The anticyclone air mass fraction correlates well with satellite hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and carbon monoxide (CO) observations, confirming that pollution is transported deep into the tropical stratosphere from the Asian monsoon anticyclone. Cross-tropopause transport occurs in a vertical chimney, but with the pollutants transported quasihorizontally along isentropes above the tropopause into the tropics and NH.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Quantifying pollution transport from the Asian monsoon anticyclone into the lower stratosphere

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The AMA is a known region of persistent enhanced pollution in the upper troposphere, linked to rapid vertical transport of surface air from Asia, India, and Indonesia in deep convection, and confinement by the strong anticyclonic circulation (Randel et al, 2010). The enhanced abundance of C 2 H 2 and HCN within the AMA in JJA observed by IASI is in accordance with previous studies (Park et al, 2008;Randel at al., 2010;Parker et al, 2011;Glatthor et al, 2015); however, one should keep in mind that this enhanced abundance measured by IASI is likely due to the combination of this pollution uplift and confinement with the higher sensitivity of the method in the upper troposphere (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Iasi Global Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-the transatlantic transport pathway linking the African west coast to the South American east coast and moving southward along the year (Edwards et al, 2003(Edwards et al, , 2006aGlatthor et al, 2015).…”

Section: Iasi Global Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-the transport of the northern African plume over southern Asia to as far as the eastern Pacific by the northern subtropical jet during the MAM period (Glatthor et al, 2015);…”

Section: Iasi Global Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Satellite sounders have provided considerable new information in the past years, with measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE-FTIR) (Lupu et al, 2009;González Abad et al, 2011), the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) (Parker et al, 2011;Wiegele et al, 2012;Glatthor et al, 2015) and the microwave limb sounder (MLS) (Pumphrey et al, 2011). These measurements were all made in limb geometry and consequently mostly in the upper troposphere or higher; also the spatial sampling from these instruments is limited, making it less well-suited when studying dynamical events on short timescales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Acetylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) from IASI satellite observations: global distributions, validation, and comparison with model

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We present global distributions of C 2 H 2 and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) total columns derived from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) for the years 2008-2010. These distributions are obtained with a fast method allowing to retrieve C 2 H 2 abundance globally with a 5 % precision and HCN abundance in the tropical (subtropical) belt with a 10 % (25 %) precision. IASI data are compared for validation purposes with ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer measurements at four selected stations. We show that there is an overall agreement between the ground-based and space measurements with correlation coefficients for daily mean measurements ranging from 0.28 to 0.81, depending on the site. Global C 2 H 2 and subtropical HCN abundances retrieved from IASI spectra show the expected seasonality linked to variations in the anthropogenic emissions and seasonal biomass burning activity, as well as exceptional events, and are in good agreement with previous spaceborne studies. Total columns simulated by the Model for Ozone and Related Chemical Tracers, version 4 (MOZART-4) are compared to the ground-based FTIR measurements at the four selected stations. The model is able to capture the seasonality in the two species in most of the cases, with correlation coefficients for daily mean measurements ranging from 0.50 to 0.86, depending on the site. IASI measurements are also compared to the distributions from MOZART-4. Seasonal cycles observed from satellite data are reasonably well reproduced by the model with correlation coefficients ranging from −0.31 to 0.93 for C 2 H 2 daily means, and from 0.09 to 0.86 for HCN daily means, depending on the considered region. However, the anthropogenic (biomass burning) emissions used in the model seem to be overestimated (underestimated), and a negative global mean bias of 1 % (16 %) of the model relative to the satellite observations was found for C 2 H 2 (HCN).Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 10510

show abstract

A comprehensive overview of the climatological composition of the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone based on 10 years of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder measurements

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intense deep convection associated with the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) lofts surface pollutants to the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS), where strong winds and long chemical lifetimes allow intercontinental transport, affecting atmospheric composition around the globe. The Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), launched in 2004, makes simultaneous colocated measurements of trace gases and cloud ice water content (a proxy for deep convection) in the UTLS on a daily basis. Here we exploit the dense spatial and temporal coverage, long‐term data record, extensive measurement suite, and insensitivity to aerosol and most clouds of Aura MLS to characterize the climatological (2005–2014) composition of the ASM anticyclone throughout its annual life cycle. We use version 4 MLS data to quantify spatial and temporal variations in both tropospheric (H2O, CO, CH3Cl, CH3CN, CH3OH) and stratospheric (O3, HNO3, HCl) tracers on four potential temperature surfaces (350–410 K). Inside the mature anticyclone, all species exhibit substantial changes, not only from their premonsoon distributions in the ASM region but also from their summertime distributions in the rest of the hemisphere. Different tracers exhibit dissimilar seasonal evolution, and the exact location and timing of their extreme values vary. Although individual aspects of the anticyclone have been described previously, we present a uniquely comprehensive overview of the climatological seasonal evolution of the ASM and its impact on UTLS composition. This work provides valuable context for planned in situ measurements as well as a benchmark for model evaluation and future investigations of interannual variability and long‐term changes in monsoon processes.

show abstract

Seasonal and interannual variations in HCN amounts in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed by MIPAS

Cited by 25 publications

References 62 publications

Quantifying pollution transport from the Asian monsoon anticyclone into the lower stratosphere

Quantifying pollution transport from the Asian monsoon anticyclone into the lower stratosphere

Acetylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) from IASI satellite observations: global distributions, validation, and comparison with model

A comprehensive overview of the climatological composition of the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone based on 10 years of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder measurements

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Seasonal and interannual variations in HCN amounts in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed by MIPAS

Cited by 25 publications

References 62 publications

Quantifying pollution transport from the Asian monsoon anticyclone into the lower stratosphere

Quantifying pollution transport from the Asian monsoon anticyclone into the lower stratosphere

Acetylene (C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) from IASI satellite observations: global distributions, validation, and comparison with model

A comprehensive overview of the climatological composition of the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone based on 10 years of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder measurements

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Acetylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) from IASI satellite observations: global distributions, validation, and comparison with model