Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of BTEX in Ambient Air from a Site Impacted by the Oil Industry in Southeast Mexico

Bretón, Rosa María Cerón; Bretón, Julia Griselda Cerón; Kahl, Jonathan W D; Uc, Martha Patricia; Lozada, Simón Eduardo Carranco; Fuentes, María de la Luz Espinosa; García, Rocío; Severino, Reyna del Carmen Lara

doi:10.1007/s00128-021-03379-1

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Investigations of Ercan et al 44 in Istanbul, Turkey revealed that BTEX concentrations in industrial zones were higher than those measured in suburban locations. Investigations of Bretón et al 45 on BTEX concentrations in an urban site located in the vicinity of an oil storage-distribution facility in Paraiso, Tabasco, Mexico revealed that lower BTEX concentrations in the dry season during midday and morning were consistent with increased photochemical activity during these hours. Moreover, higher ambient temperatures coupled with calm periods and low rainfall during the dry season could cause higher BTEX emissions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Moreover, higher ambient temperatures coupled with calm periods and low rainfall during the dry season could cause higher BTEX emissions. These studies also revealed that BTEX concentrations during dry season would be expected to be reduced by photochemical degradation, as this season is characterized by high solar radiation intensity 45 . Finally, the low wind speeds during dry season provided unfavorable dispersion conditions resulting in higher BTEX concentrations 45 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These studies also revealed that BTEX concentrations during dry season would be expected to be reduced by photochemical degradation, as this season is characterized by high solar radiation intensity 45 . Finally, the low wind speeds during dry season provided unfavorable dispersion conditions resulting in higher BTEX concentrations 45 . Jiang et al 46 in their studies ordered the seasonal variation of the mean BTEX concentrations as follows: winter > spring > autumn > summer, pointing that besides sources' strength, the seasonal and diurnal variations of atmospheric BTEX in urban areas were also strongly dependent on meteorological conditions and photochemical activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Summer and winter variations of BTEX concentrations in an oil refinery complex and health risk assessment based on Monte-Carlo simulations

Khoshakhlagh,

Yazdanirad,

Mousavi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The summer and winter concentrations of BTEX pollutants were investigated in various workplaces of an oil Refinery, Iran. In total 252 air samples from the breathing zones of the following employees were collected: supervisors, safetymen, repairmen, site men, and all workers. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk values were calculated based on the USEPA methodology using Monte Carlo simulations. BTEX concentrations were higher in the summer than in the winter season for all workstations, especially for toluene and ethylbenzene. The mean values of exposure to benzene for repairmen and site men were higher than threshold limit value of 1.60 mg/m3 for both seasons. Non-carcinogenic risk (HQ) values calculated for summer season for benzene, ethylbenzene, and xylene in all workstations, as well as for toluene for repairmen and site men exceeded acceptable level of 1. In winter season the mean HQ values for benzene and xylene in all workstations, for toluene for repairmen and site men, and for ethylbenzene for supervisors, repairmen, and site men were also > 1. For all workstations definite carcinogenic risk was indicated as calculated LCR values for benzene and ethylbenzene exposure were higher than 1 × 10–4 in both summer and winter seasons.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Summer and winter variations of BTEX concentrations in an oil refinery complex and health risk assessment based on Monte-Carlo simulations

Khoshakhlagh,

Yazdanirad,

Mousavi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…High VOC concentration in north China is largely caused by people burning coal for heating during cold season (Liu et al, 2021). Bretón et al (2022) revealed that toluene may have originated from nonvehicular sources, according to the statistical study.…”

Section: Comparison Of Btex Level In India With Other Asian Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

BTEX in Ambient Air of India: a Scoping Review of their Concentrations, Sources, and impact

Tamrakar

Pervez

Verma

et al. 2022

Water Air Soil Pollut

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reported studies, the order of occurrence of BTEX compounds was toluene > benzene > xylene isomers > ethylbenzene and winter had higher concentrations than in other seasons, including summer. As far as BTEX levels in classified areas of urban environments are concerned, traffic locations have shown the highest BTEX concentrations, followed by residential, commercial, and industrial locations. OFP indicated that xylene isomers and toluene contributed to ozone formation. The major gaps in reported studies on BTEX measurement are (1) source apportionment;(2) impact on lower tropospheric chemistry, human health, and climate change; and (3) removal techniques from air.

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“…Fernandes et al (2014) identified toluene in the surface water of a small river basin and in a hydrographic microbasin. Bretón et al (2021) evaluated the influence of seasonal and diurnal variations on the atmospheric concentrations of BTEXs. Allahabady et al (2022) and Correa et al (2012) evaluated the evaporative emissions from gas stations, and identified BTEX concentrations in the air of the study sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the contamination of the subsurface and groundwater by monoaromatic hydrocarbons in an eastern Amazonian town in northern Brazil

et al. 2022

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The present study evaluated the contamination by monoaromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) of the subsurface of gas stations and adjacent residences in the Amazonian town of Bragança, in northern Brazil. We combined the ground penetrating radar (GPR) geophysical tool, to detect possible plumes of contamination by BTEX, with gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS), which were used to diagnose the presence of BTEX in water samples obtained from boreholes located within the study area. The GPR identified low-amplitude reflections in the vadose zone of two gas stations, whose attenuation near the surface was due to the low permittivity recorded in the radargrams, which may have been caused by the reduced permittivity of the hydrocarbons (gas vapor) in comparison with water. The GC–MS identified benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and/or xylene in 13 water samples (19.7% of the samples collected). Only three of the samples contained two contaminants, invariably toluene and xylene, whereas all the others contained only a single BTEX. Toluene and xylene were the BTEX compounds found most frequently in the samples. However, none of the samples collected in the study exceeded the threshold established by Brazilian legislation for BTEXs in drinking water. The integrated application of GPR and CG-MS produced satisfactory results for the diagnosis of the contamination of the subsurface of the gas stations surveyed in the present study.

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Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of BTEX in Ambient Air from a Site Impacted by the Oil Industry in Southeast Mexico

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Summer and winter variations of BTEX concentrations in an oil refinery complex and health risk assessment based on Monte-Carlo simulations

Summer and winter variations of BTEX concentrations in an oil refinery complex and health risk assessment based on Monte-Carlo simulations

BTEX in Ambient Air of India: a Scoping Review of their Concentrations, Sources, and impact

Evaluation of the contamination of the subsurface and groundwater by monoaromatic hydrocarbons in an eastern Amazonian town in northern Brazil

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