Seasonal and developmental variation in the fatty acid composition of Mysis mixta (Mysidacea) and Acanthostepheia malmgreni (Amphipoda) from the hyperbenthos of a cold-ocean environment (Conception Bay, Newfoundland)

Richoux, Nicole B.; Deibel, Don; Thompson, R. J.; Parrish, Christopher C.

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbi045

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…This suggests that this gelatinous carnivore, which is found in high concentrations in the hyperbenthic zone (Choe & Deibel 2000), is the furthest removed from direct linkage with phytodetritus from the sinking spring diatom bloom. Similarly, Mysis mixta demonstrated relatively low variability in total lipid content, suggesting opportunistic omnivory as has been reported previously for Conception Bay and elsewhere (Richoux et al 2005). In contrast, Yoldia hyperborea and the gonad of Ctenodiscus crispatus showed the highest variability (≥49.6% CV).…”

Section: Influence Of Sinking Spring Bloom Materials On Major Lipid Grsupporting

confidence: 76%

Effect of sinking spring phytoplankton blooms on lipid content and composition in suprabenthic and benthic invertebrates in a cold ocean coastal environment

Parrish¹,

Deibel²,

Thompson³

2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Lipids were measured in 19 suprabenthic and benthic invertebrate taxa from 5 phyla to determine their responses to a sinking spring diatom bloom. In Conception Bay, as in many areas of coastal Newfoundland, Canada, benthic organisms experience sub-zero temperatures year round. Among specimens collected at depths between 210 and 220 m, the small mysid Erythrops erythrophtalma had, on average, the highest lipid concentration (6% of wet weight), while a holothurian (Order Apodida) had the lowest (0.3%). In E. erythrophtalma, 73% of the lipids were found in the neutral fraction, while in the sea cucumber 68% were polar lipids. The euphausiid Thysanoessa raschii had the highest proportion of essential ω3 fatty acids (41% total fatty acids) while the holothurian had the lowest (21%). Pseudocalanus spp. showed the highest mean value for the C 16 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio indicative of lipids from nutrient-replete diatoms. The amphipods Acanthostepheia malmgreni and Anonyx spp. responded immediately to each spring bloom with increased total and neutral lipid contents. The mysid Pseudomma truncatum also showed a transient increase in total lipid content, but this occurred much later in the summer. However, P. truncatum, together with the decapod Pandalus borealis, the mysid Mysis mixta, and the polar bivalve Yoldia hyperborea, did respond immediately based on increased proportions of ω3 fatty acids, while the asteroid Ctenodiscus crispatus showed increased ω3 fatty acid proportions in its gonads much later. The chaetognath Parasagitta elegans differed from most other species in that it maintained very similar total lipid and C 16 PUFA proportions throughout the sampling period, suggesting little direct response to the bloom. Thus, we found a variable response to the bloom with respect to phenology, even within orders, which depended upon feeding behaviour and gonadogenesis. KEY WORDS:Fatty acids · Bacillariophyceae · Polychaeta · Copepoda · Malacostraca · Protobranchia · Echinodermata · Chaetognatha Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 391: [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] 2009 survival and growth (Ackman & Kean-Howie 1994, Xu et al. 1994. They are precursors of highly bioactive metabolites and are required for normal membrane structure and function, especially at low temperatures (Hall et al. 2002). Thus, the Arctic marine realm, in which Newfoundland is located (Spalding et al. 2007), is an area of particular interest for work with marine fatty acids and lipid classes. Indeed, the study of food web lipids in the cold waters off the coast of Newfoundland is important and timely given current problems with the ground fishery (e.g. Parsons 2005, Martínez-Murillo & Haedrich 2007) and the increasing interest in aquaculture in this area (e.g. Tlusty et al. 2005, Parrish et al. 2007a.In the present study, we examined the responses of suprabenthic and benthic invertebrates at > 200 m depth near, on ...

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Section: Influence Of Sinking Spring Bloom Materials On Major Lipid Grsupporting

confidence: 76%

Effect of sinking spring phytoplankton blooms on lipid content and composition in suprabenthic and benthic invertebrates in a cold ocean coastal environment

Parrish¹,

Deibel²,

Thompson³

2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…As the principal primary producers in the marine environment, planktonic microalgae are traditionally considered key components in most aquatic trophic studies (Claustre et al 1989, Cotonnec et al 2001, Richoux et al 2005. Markers for marine phytoplankton include the diatom fatty acids 20:5ω3 and 16:1ω7 and the dinoflagellate fatty acid 22:6ω3, with high ratios of 16:1/16:0 and 22:6ω3/20:5ω3 indicating a predominance of diatoms or dinoflagellates, respectively, in the environment and in the diets of consumers (Budge & Parrish 1998, Dalsgaard et al 2003.…”

Section: Fatty Acid Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in the stable isotope study, the signatures for sediments varied markedly between sites and were often more enriched than the consumers, making it difficult to assess their contribution to animal diets. The δ 13 C signals of the sediments also overlapped with several other food sources including Zostera capensis, epibionts, Spartina maritima and Codium sp., making it impossible to determine whether bacteria associated 131 Mar Ecol Prog Ser 357: 121-137, 2008 with sediments were trophically important to the consumers (Richoux & Froneman 2007).As the principal primary producers in the marine environment, planktonic microalgae are traditionally considered key components in most aquatic trophic studies (Claustre et al 1989, Cotonnec et al 2001, Richoux et al 2005. Markers for marine phytoplankton include the diatom fatty acids 20:5ω3 and 16:1ω7 and the dinoflagellate fatty acid 22:6ω3, with high ratios of 16:1/16:0 and 22:6ω3/20:5ω3 indicating a predominance of diatoms or dinoflagellates, respectively, in the environment and in the diets of consumers (Budge & Parrish 1998, Dalsgaard et al 2003.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic ecology of dominant zooplankton and macrofauna in a temperate, oligotrophic South African estuary: a fatty acid approach

Richoux¹,

Froneman²

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Fatty acid profiles of food sources, dominant zooplankton, macrofauna and a few small ichthyofauna in a temperate estuary on the southeastern coast of South Africa were used to trace the original carbon sources and the degree of feeding plasticity of consumers within an oligotrophic environment. Fatty acid analysis is seldom used to examine food web ecology in estuaries, as these systems are typically highly complex owing to the variety of potential food sources and the variable nature of detritus. We hypothesized that generalist consumers would exhibit similar and overlapping fatty acid compositions, whereas any specialist consumers would 'stand out' as they may contain high proportions of fatty acids specific to their preferred food sources. Within-species variation was very small in the food sources, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) allowed resolution of most species and sample types into distinct clusters. Variation of fatty acid composition was greater within the consumers, with PCA resolving several clusters by collection location within the site and feeding mode of the animals (suspension feeders, grazers and omnivores). We considered the fatty acid profiles (with particular reference to polyunsaturated fatty acids and essential fatty acids) of the consumers in relation to the food sources to determine which organisms played significant roles in the sequestration and cycling of high quality organic material within the estuary. KEY WORDS: Fatty acids · Food web · Biomarker · Salt marsh · Estuary · Trophic ecology · South AfricaResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Mar Ecol Prog Ser 357: 121-137, 2008 transferred without modification into higher trophic levels (Dalsgaard et al. 2003). When used together, fatty acid and stable isotope techniques show promise in resolving the trophic ecology of complex aquatic ecosystems (Kharlamenko et al. 2001, Alfaro et al. 2006, Perga et al. 2006.Consumers derive all their lipid requirements either directly from the diet or indirectly by the transformation of protein and carbohydrate precursors. Lipids, particularly the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) components, have vital structural and functional roles in membranes and are therefore required for growth and reproduction (Arts 1999). Fatty acids that are required for the proper biological functioning of organs, but cannot be effectively synthesized de novo by animals (the essential fatty acids, EFAs), include the PUFAs 20:5ω3, 22:6ω3 and occasionally 20:4ω6 (Olsen 1999). These fatty acids must therefore be obtained in the diet, and, as such, EFAs are highly conserved in aquatic systems and are fundamental drivers of ecosystem fitness and stability (Arts et al. 2001). Trophic ecologists are interested in the sources of PUFAs, and EFAs in particular, and in the consumers that most effectively sequester these molecules within an aquatic ecosystem (Parrish et al. 2000). Most research into fatty acid composition has been focussed on marine fish and shellfish owing ...

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“…Hence, relatively low pool of PUFAs in zoobenthos in our study is evidently due to the comparatively low biomass of the zoobenthos in the Yenisei River. Richoux et al (2005) reports annual dynamics of PUFA in the marine, hyper-benthic Acanthostepheia malmgreni (Amphipoda). His seasonal maximum for the areal PUFA concentrations, 5.77 mg/m 2 , in late summer is an order of magnitude lower than the autumnal maximum for the sum of EPA and DHA in the zoobenthos in our study (Fig.…”

Section: Regional Differences In Pufa Poolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal dynamics of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in littoral benthos in the upper Yenisei river

et al. 2006

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We studied composition and concentrations of fatty acids (FAs) in benthos from pebbly littoral region of the Yenisei River in a sampling site near Krasnoyarsk city (Siberia, Russia) for 1 year from March 2003 to February 2004. Special attention was paid to major longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of the x3 family: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5x3) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA, 22:6x3). In phytobenthos, which was dominated by diatoms, the annual maxima of EPA and DHA pool occurred in spring and early summer. In zoobenthos, EPA and DHA pool peaked in autumn, due mainly to an increase of the biomass of dominant taxa (gammarids) and to a moderate increase of the PUFA content per body weight. Seasonal peaks of EPA in overwintering insect larvae (chironomids and caddisflies) generally coincided with those of biomass of these larvae, while there was no such trend for amphipods and oligochaetes. In spring and early summer, the main part of x3 PUFA, 40-97% of total amount, in the littoral region was contained in biomass of producers, i.e., benthic microalgae, and in autumn it was transferred to primary consumers-benthic invertebrates, which contained~76-93% of total x3 PUFAs.

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Seasonal and developmental variation in the fatty acid composition of Mysis mixta (Mysidacea) and Acanthostepheia malmgreni (Amphipoda) from the hyperbenthos of a cold-ocean environment (Conception Bay, Newfoundland)

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of sinking spring phytoplankton blooms on lipid content and composition in suprabenthic and benthic invertebrates in a cold ocean coastal environment

Effect of sinking spring phytoplankton blooms on lipid content and composition in suprabenthic and benthic invertebrates in a cold ocean coastal environment

Trophic ecology of dominant zooplankton and macrofauna in a temperate, oligotrophic South African estuary: a fatty acid approach

Seasonal dynamics of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in littoral benthos in the upper Yenisei river

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