Seasonal and decadal patterns of soil carbon uptake and emission along an age sequence of burned black spruce stands in interior Alaska

O’Neill, Katherine; Kasischke, Eric S.; Richter, Daniel deB.

doi:10.1029/2001jd000443

Cited by 91 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Instead, we assessed the functional diversity of bacteria, which represent another decomposer group that can metabolize a wide range of substrates. O'Neill et al (2003) have found that soil respiration declines in the first several years following fire near our sites; delays in recovery of microbes that perform mineralization may be a possible mechanism underlying this response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…All sites are located within a 100-km 2 landscape on gently sloped alluvial flats. Portions or all of this chronosequence have been used to assess effects of fire on soil carbon fluxes (O'Neill 2000, O'Neill et al 2003, soil chemistry (King et al 2002), and hydrogen fluxes (Rahn et al 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modeling studies indicate that the amount of C directly released from burning could be roughly equivalent to the amount lost due to post-fire changes in the ecosystem (Kasischke et al 1995, O'Neill et al 2003. Specifically, the removal of an insulating moss layer by fire increases subsequent soil temperatures.…”

Section: Long-term Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Relationships Among Fires, Fungi, and Soil Dynamics in Alaskan Boreal Forests

Treseder

Mack

Cross

2004

Ecological Applications

196

144

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Abstract. Fires are critical pathways of carbon loss from boreal forest soils, whereas microbial communities form equally critical controls over carbon accumulation between fires. We used a chronosequence in Alaska to test Read's hypothesis that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi should dominate ecosystems with low accumulation of surface litter, and ectomycorrhizal fungi should proliferate where organic horizons are well-developed. This pattern is expected because ectomycorrhizal fungi display a greater capacity to mineralize organic compounds than do arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The sites were located in upland forests near Delta Junction, Alaska, and represent stages at 3, 15, 45, and 80 years following fire. Soil organic matter accumulated 2.8-fold over time. Fire did not noticeably reduce the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In contrast, ectomycorrhizal colonization required up to 15 years to return to pre-fire levels. As a result, dominant mycorrhizal groups shifted from arbuscular to ectomycorrhizal fungi as succession progressed. Bacterial functional diversity was greatest in the oldest sites. Altogether, microbes that can mineralize organic compounds (i.e., ectomycorrhizae and bacteria) recovered more slowly than those that cannot (i.e., arbuscular mycorrhizae). Potential net N mineralization and standing pools of ammonium-N were relatively low in the youngest site. In addition, glomalin stocks were positively correlated with arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal length, peaking early in the chronosequence. Our results indicate that microbial succession may influence soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics in the first several years following fire, by augmenting carbon storage in glomalin while inhibiting mineralization of organic compounds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationships Among Fires, Fungi, and Soil Dynamics in Alaskan Boreal Forests

Treseder

Mack

Cross

2004

Ecological Applications

196

144

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“…The area is mostly covered by forest and shrub landscapes [24] and underlain by dis-continuous permafrost. The Alaskan interior between the Alaska and Brooks Mountain Ranges has a strong continental climate with moderate temperatures and precipitation in summer and exceedingly cold and dry weather in winter [25]. The average minimum and maximum annual temperatures in Big Delta station , which is located in the study area, are −6.9 °C and −2.7 °C, respectively.…”

Section: Study Area and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Band Temporal Coherence Assessment and Modeling Using Amplitude and Snow Depth over Interior Alaska

et al. 2018

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Abstract:Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) provides the capability to detect surface deformation. Numerous processing approaches have been developed to improve InSAR results and overcome its limitations. Regardless of the processing methodology, however, temporal decorrelation is a major obstacle for all InSAR applications, especially over vegetated areas and dynamic environments, such as Interior Alaska. Temporal coherence is usually modeled as a univariate exponential function of temporal baseline. It has been, however, documented that temporal variations in surface backscattering due to the change in surface parameters, i.e., dielectric constant, roughness, and the geometry of scatterers, can result in gradual, seasonal, or sudden decorrelations and loss of InSAR coherence. The coherence models introduced so far have largely neglected the effect of the temporal change in backscattering on InSAR coherence. Here, we introduce a new temporal decorrelation model that considers changes in surface backscattering by utilizing the relative change in SAR intensity between two images as a proxy for the change in surface scattering parameters. The model also takes into account the decorrelation due to the change in snow depth between two images. Using the L-band Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS-2) Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR-2) data, the model has been assessed over forested and shrub landscapes in Delta Junction, Interior Alaska. The model decreases the RMS error of temporal coherence estimation from 0.18 to 0.09 on average. The improvements made by the model have been statistically proved to be significant at the 99% confidence level. Additionally, the model shows that the coherence of forested areas are more prone to changes in backscattering than shrub landscape. The model is based on L-band data and may not be expanded to C-band or X-band InSAR observations.

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“…Generally, the soil water balance is modeled in two approaches in terrestrial ecosystem models. Models, such as CENTURY (Parton et al, 1987), the Carnegie-AmesStanford (CASA) (Potter et al, 1996), and BIOME-BGC (Kimball et al, 1997), consider the soil mainly as a storage reservoir, or "bucket". The bucket fills with water when precipitation is greater than evaporation, and no movement of soil water between adjacent soil layers occurs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Unified North American Soil Map and its implication on the soil organic carbon stock in North America

et al. 2013

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Abstract. The Unified North American Soil Map (UNASM) was developed to provide more accurate regional soil information for terrestrial biosphere modeling. The UNASM combines information from state-of-the-art US STATSGO2 and Soil Landscape of Canada (SLCs) databases. The area not covered by these datasets is filled by using the Harmonized World Soil Database version 1.21 (HWSD1.21). The UNASM contains maximum soil depth derived from the data source as well as seven soil attributes (including sand, silt, and clay content, gravel content, organic carbon content, pH, and bulk density) for the topsoil layer (0–30 cm) and the subsoil layer (30–100 cm), respectively, of the spatial resolution of 0.25 degrees in latitude and longitude. There are pronounced differences in the spatial distributions of soil properties and soil organic carbon between UNASM and HWSD, but the UNASM overall provides more detailed and higher-quality information particularly in Alaska and central Canada. To provide more accurate and up-to-date estimate of soil organic carbon stock in North America, we incorporated Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database (NCSCD) into the UNASM. The estimate of total soil organic carbon mass in the upper 100 cm soil profile based on the improved UNASM is 365.96 Pg, of which 23.1% is under trees, 14.1% is in shrubland, and 4.6% is in grassland and cropland. This UNASM data will provide a resource for use in terrestrial ecosystem modeling both for input of soil characteristics and for benchmarking model output.

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Seasonal and decadal patterns of soil carbon uptake and emission along an age sequence of burned black spruce stands in interior Alaska

Cited by 91 publications

References 47 publications

Relationships Among Fires, Fungi, and Soil Dynamics in Alaskan Boreal Forests

Relationships Among Fires, Fungi, and Soil Dynamics in Alaskan Boreal Forests

L-Band Temporal Coherence Assessment and Modeling Using Amplitude and Snow Depth over Interior Alaska

The Unified North American Soil Map and its implication on the soil organic carbon stock in North America

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