Seasonal and Circadian Rhythm of a 1,8-Cineole Chemotype Essential Oil of Calycolpus goetheanus From Marajó Island, Brazilian Amazon

Abstract

Chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) of Calycolpus genus have been reported in the literature. However, there is only 1 report about volatile profile from Calycolpus goetheanus. This work aims to evaluate the seasonal and circadian influences on EO composition and yield of C. goetheanus collected in Marajó Island, Brazilian Amazon. For the circadian study, the leaves were collected in January (rainy season) and July (dry season) every 3 hours during a period of 15 hours. The EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and their chemical compositions analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and flame ionization detectors. The major compound identified in all EO samples was 1,8-cineole with amounts ranged from 14.4% (January, 6 am) to 33.0% (July, 3 pm). The highest average of 1,8-cineole was obtained during circadian study of the dry season (25.5% ± 5.8%) and the lowest during the circadian study of the rainy season (15.6% ± 1.5%). The multivariate analysis grouped the samples into 2 different groups: Group I characterized by the lowest amounts of 1,8-cineole (16.0%-18.7%), and Group II characterized by a higher content of 1,8-cineole (24.0%-33.0%). The oil yield and chemical composition did not show relationship with climate parameters (solar radiation, humidity, and temperature). Therefore, there was only quantitative variability in the EOs compositions during the circadian rhythm evaluated on dry and rainy seasons.

Phytochemical Profile and Herbicidal (Phytotoxic), Antioxidants Potential of Essential Oils from Calycolpus goetheanus (Myrtaceae) Specimens, and in Silico Study

“…The yield obtained in specimen B’s essential oil was higher than that found in the essential oil of a sample collected in Maracana, State of Pará, Brazil, with a content equal to (1.0%) [ 30 ]. However, in the circadian study conducted by [ 31 ], with a specimen collected in Salvaterra on Marajó Island, State of Pará, Brazil, the contents were higher than those found in our study (1.2–2.3%).…”

“…Dos Santos et al [ 31 ] evaluated the seasonal and circadian rhythms of the essential oil of a C. goetheanus specimen collected on Marajó Island (Pará) and obtained, as main constituents, 1,8-cineole (14.5–33.0%), followed by limonene (5.4–11.7%), δ-cadinene (0.0–9.9%), α-terpineol (3.5–7.9%), α-copaene (3.5–7.3%), and ( E )-Caryophyllene (0.0–4.9%) in samples collected in the rainy (January) and dry (July) seasons, every 3 h (starting at 6 a.m. and ending at 9 p.m.). The limonene compound was not detected in any of the samples studied in this work, α-copaene was observed in the three studied specimens, but in low concentrations (0.97–2.92%).…”

“…Pereira et al [ 30 ] evaluated the chemical composition of a C. goetheanus sample collected in the municipality of Maracanã (Pará) and obtained, as main constituents, 1,8-cineole (44.75%), limonene (6.78%), α-terpineol (6.59%), and ( E )-caryophyllene (6.26%). β-eudesmol and γ-eudesmol were the main constituents found in the essential oil of C. goetheanus specimen A, absent in the oil studied by [ 30 ]; however, they were observed, in low concentrations, in the samples studied by dos Santos, [ 31 ]. Germacrene D, one of the main constituents of the specimen C essential oil, and bulnesol from specimen A were not found in any of these works presented.…”

“…There are few reports on the chemical composition of C. goetheanus EOs. Studies carried out by [ 30 ] and [ 31 ], show the predominance of mono- and sesquiterpenes. Regarding the biological activities of C. goetheanus , there are no reports in the literature.…”

Essential Oil of the Plants Growing in the Brazilian Amazon: Chemical Composition, Antioxidants, and Biological Applications

“…Oxygenated monoterpenes, hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes, and phenylpropanoids are the major components in the essential oils of the Lauraceae family, where linalool (93.60%) is dominant in the essential oil of Aniba rosaeodora [ 16 ], as well as bicyclogermacrene (42.20%) and apiole (28.10%), respectively, in the essential oil of Endlicheria arenosa [ 28 ] and Nectandra puberula [ 47 ]. Phenylpropanoids and oxygenated monoterpenes are also present in essential oils of the Lamiaceae family, where methyleugenol (80.00–87.00%) [ 48 ] and eucalyptol (16–33%) are dominant [ 64 ].…”