Seasonal Abundance of Particle-Phase Organic Pollutants in an Urban/Industrial Atmosphere

Filippo, Patrizia Di; Riccardi, Carmela; Pomata, Donatella; Gariazzo, Claudio; Buiarelli, Francesca

doi:10.1007/s11270-009-0295-2

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…All these results were in good agreement with previous studies performed on similar sites and season (summer) (e.g. Albinet et al, 2007aAlbinet et al, , 2008bBamford and Baker, 2003;Di Filippo et al, 2009;Kojima et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2006;Schnelle-Kreis et al, 2001).…”

Section: Particulate Npah and Opah Concentration Levelssupporting

confidence: 93%

Particle size distribution of nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs and OPAHs) on traffic and suburban sites of a European megacity: Paris (France)

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The size distribution of particulate nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs and OPAHs) was determined during two field campaigns at a traffic site in summer 2010 and at a suburban site during the MEGAPOLI (Megacities: Emissions, urban, regional and Global Atmospheric POLlution and climate effects, and Integrated tools for assessment and mitigation) experiment in summer 2009. Both, OPAHs and NPAHs were strongly associated (>85 %) to fine particles (D p < 2.5 µm) increasing the interest of their study on a sanitary point of view. Results showed really different NPAH and OPAH particle size distributions between both sites. At traffic site, clearly bimodal (notably for NPAHs) particle size distributions (D p = 0.14 and 1.4 µm) were observed, while the particle size distributions were more scattered at the suburban site, especially for OPAHs. Bimodal particle size distribution observed at traffic site for the NPAH could be assigned to the vehicle emissions and the particle resuspension. Broadest distribution observed at the suburban site could be attributed to the mass transfer of compounds by volatilization/sorption processes during the transport of particles in the atmosphere. Results also showed that the combination of the study of particle size distributions applied to marker compounds (primary: 1-nitropyrene; secondary: 2-nitrofluoranthene) and to NPAH or OPAH chemical profiles bring some indications on their primary and/or secondary origin. Indeed, 1,4-anthraquinone seemed only primary emitted by vehicles while 7-nitrobenz[a]anthracene, benz [a]antracen7,12-dione and benzo [b]fluorenone seemed secondarily formed in the atmosphere.

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Section: Particulate Npah and Opah Concentration Levelssupporting

confidence: 93%

Particle size distribution of nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs and OPAHs) on traffic and suburban sites of a European megacity: Paris (France)

et al. 2012

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“…The concentration means for Melpitz are comparable with amounts that have been published earlier (e.g. Di Filippo et al 2010;Harrison and Yin 2010;Cincinelli et al 2004;Guo et al 2003;Kubatova et al 2002).…”

Section: N-alkanessupporting

confidence: 87%

Size-segregated characterization of PM10 at the EMEP site Melpitz (Germany) using a five-stage impactor: a six year study

et al. 2012

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Size-segregated particle samples were collected using a Berner 5-stage impactor (stages 1-5: 0.05-0.14-0.42-1.2-3.5-10 μm aerodynamic diameter). The means for all 169 days and for different categories of days were used for a characterization. The sorting criteria were (a) the distinction between winter (Wi, November to April) and summer (Su, May to October), (b) the distinction between air mass inflow from a sector West (W, 210°-320°) and from a sector East (E, 35°-140°). For the assignment of the air mass origin 96-h backward trajectories were used and four categories (WiW, WiE, SuW and SuE) with 48, 18, 42 and 29 days were established. The lowest mean particle mass concentrations were found for SuW and the highest for WiE with relative mass concentration distributions of 5.9, 28.2, 36.5, 18.0, and 11.4 % and 3.5, 22.7, 52.6, 16.7, and 4.5 % for stages 1-5, respectively. The mass closure for water soluble ions, water, organic material (OM) and elemental carbon (EC) accounts for 81-99 % of the gravimetric mass in Wi and for 60-81 % for Su, depending on the stage. The fractions of nitrate were relatively high for WiW while sulphate fractions are high for WiE. The estimated concentrations of secondary organic carbon (SOA) on stage 3 for WiW, WiE, SuW and SuE were 0.32, 1.25, 0.27 and 0.58 μgm − ³, respectively. The highest amount of SOA is found for WiE, representing 59 % of organic carbon (OC). The highest difference in the percentages of SOA in OC was found between winter (WiW 55 %, WiE 59 %) and summer (SuW and SuE 74 %) indicating photochemical processes during long-range transport. The mean Carbon Preference Indices (CPI) are highest for SuE (stage 4: 7.57 and stage 5: 9.82) resulting mainly from plant wax abrasion in the surrounding forests. For WiE the mean PAH concentration on stage 3 (9.7 ngm −3 ) is about five times higher than for WiW, indicating long range transport following domestic heating and other combustion processes.

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“…Besides the similar sources to PAHs, NPAHs and OPAHs can also be formed from PAHs by photo-chemical oxidation in atmosphere with NO x , O 3 and OH (Bamford and Baker, 2003;Wang et al, 2007;Kojima et al, 2010), and OPAHs from biological transformation in soil with white rot fungi (Lundstedt et al, 2007;Haritash and Kaushik, 2009), respectively. Previous studies mainly focused on the pollution levels of SPAHs in the atmospheric and soil environment (Vincenti et al, 1996;Niederer, 1998;Lundstedt et al, 2007;Di Filippo et al, 2010). Our recent study demonstrated that WWTP effluent contributed 62e93% PAHs and SPAHs (dissolved and absorbed phase) of the total input to the receiving rivers (Qiao et al).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Occurrence, behavior and removal of typical substituted and parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a biological wastewater treatment plant

Qiao

Liu

et al. 2014

Water Research

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Seasonal Abundance of Particle-Phase Organic Pollutants in an Urban/Industrial Atmosphere

Cited by 23 publications

References 62 publications

Particle size distribution of nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs and OPAHs) on traffic and suburban sites of a European megacity: Paris (France)

Particle size distribution of nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs and OPAHs) on traffic and suburban sites of a European megacity: Paris (France)

Size-segregated characterization of PM10 at the EMEP site Melpitz (Germany) using a five-stage impactor: a six year study

Occurrence, behavior and removal of typical substituted and parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a biological wastewater treatment plant

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