Seasonal abundance and egg production rates of Oithona similis and Pseudocalanus elongatus in the northern North Sea: a first comparison of egg-ratio and incubation methods

Drif, Karina; Hirst, Andrew G.; Hay, Steve

doi:10.3354/meps08748

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Studies of the egg production of Oithona spp. have described the strong effect of water temperature on hatching times and egg production rates (Sabatini & Kiørboe 1994, Uye & Sano 1995, Drif et al 2010, as has also been documented in calanoid copepods (see Mauchline 1998).Weight-specific egg-production rates reported in the present study for Oithona similis (0.2 to 2% d ; Madsen et al 2008). In general, our maximum weight-specific eggproduction rates are in good agreement with previous studies in high-latitude environments at temperatures similar to ours (Ward & Hirst 2007, Dvoretsky & Dvoretsky 2009b.…”

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confidence: 92%

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Plankton community structure and role of Oithona similis on the western coast of Greenland during the winter-spring transition

Zamora-Terol¹,

Nielsen²,

Saiz³

2013

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The cyclopoid copepod Oithona similis is one of the most abundant copepods in the oceans and has a potentially important role in pelagic food webs. However, there is a lack of knowledge on aspects of its biology and function in planktonic communities. In the present study, we aimed to assess and compare the species' trophic role in Greenlandic coastal waters during the winter-spring transition, with a focus on its winter behaviour, when large calanoids are not present in the surface layer. Two locations were studied: waters offshore from Godthåbsfjord (Nuuk) in winter, and Qeqertarsuaq (Disko Bay) in spring (bloom and post-bloom period). The potential prey of adult females of O. similis was quantified, and grazing experiments were conducted to determine the feeding rates of adult females on phytoplankton and protozooplankton >10 μm. The abundance, stage composition, and egg production of O. similis was also investigated. Ciliates were the preferred prey for O. similis, which confirms its importance as a link between the microbial food web and higher trophic levels. We observed high egg production rates and efficiencies of O. similis in winter, confirming that it is active and successfully reproductive in food-limited winter conditions. Our results stress that O. similis is a key component of Arctic and subarctic marine communities throughout the year.KEY WORDS: Oithona similis · Trophic role · Egg production · Greenland · Winter · Bloom · Arctic Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 483: [85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102] 2013 of Greenland (Head et al. 2003, Thor et al. 2005, Madsen et al. 2008, and within the genus, Oithona similis is a cosmopolitan species. Oithona spp. have been described to have year-round presence (Hansen et al. 2004) and reproductive activity (Nielsen & Sabatini 1996, Ward & Hirst 2007, and it has been argued that these copepods can exploit microbial food webs more efficiently than calanoid copepods (Nielsen & Sabatini 1996), characteristics that make Oithona spp. populations more stable in time and space than those of calanoid copepods (Paffenhöfer 1993). Consequently, Oithona spp. could be important food sources for fish larvae and larger zooplankton, especially in those periods of the year when other potential prey are not available.Regarding Arctic marine environments, only few studies on the biology of Oithona spp. have been published , Ward & Hirst 2007, Madsen et al. 2008, Narcy et al. 2009), and even less is known about their feeding ecology. It has been reported that Oithona similis prefer motile prey, especially ciliates (Nakamura & Turner 1997, Lonsdale et al. 2000, Castellani et al. 2005a, although many aspects of their natural diet are still unknown. Thus, our knowledge on their feeding activity in winter in high-latitude environments is almost nonexistent since most of the studies have focused on more productive periods of the year (Atkinson 1996, Møller et al. 2006...

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confidence: 92%

Section: Egg Production Rates and Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 56%

Plankton community structure and role of Oithona similis on the western coast of Greenland during the winter-spring transition

Zamora-Terol¹,

Nielsen²,

Saiz³

2013

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Copepods are one of the most numerous metazoans on the planet; they are ecologically important and play a pivotal role in marine and freshwater biogeochemistry and trophodynamics (Banse, 1995). Reduction in size with increasing temperature, consistent with the TSR (Atkinson, 1994), has been shown in many copepod species, both in controlled laboratory experiments and across seasons in the field (seasonal T-S responses) Drif et al, 2010). Furthermore, the strength of the laboratory T-S response varies widely between species, to the extent that Horne et al (2015) observed an approximate 30-fold difference between the strongest and weakest copepod T-S responses in their dataset on arthropods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

A global synthesis of seasonal temperature–size responses in copepods

Horne

Hirst

Atkinson

et al. 2016

Global Ecol. Biogeogr.

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Aim Body size is a master trait with significant ecological importance. Seasonal changes in body size within diverse ectothermic species can result from different environmental conditions experienced during ontogeny in subsequent generations. Whilst intraspecific changes in adult size have been well studied under controlled experimental conditions and across geographical ranges, comprehensive analyses of temporal changes are lacking, and there remains considerable unexplained variation in body size responses within aquatic taxa. Using planktonic copepods as an exemplar taxon, we quantify variation in adult body mass within seasonally varying marine and freshwater environments. We describe how size variation relates to temperature, food concentration (chlorophyll-a) and life-history characteristics, including feeding strategy.Location Global.Methods Using a meta-analytic approach we extract quantitative data from published literature on seasonal size responses of copepods. We analyse competing models to determine the best predictors of these responses, and compare the relative importance of temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration in explaining variation in body size. ResultsWe quantify 140 seasonal size responses from 33 different global locations, representing 48 planktonic copepod species from four taxonomic orders. We find that temperature (r 2 5 0.50), rather than food (r 2 5 0.22), is the dominant explanatory variable of changes in adult body size across seasons. A striking outcome is that calanoid copepods, which utilize feeding currents to capture prey, exhibit a four-fold greater reduction in adult body mass per 8C (23.66%) compared with cyclopoid copepods (20.91%), which are ambush feeders. By contrast, species body size or reproductive strategy did not explain variation in the seasonal temperature-size response.Main conclusions Our findings lead us to suggest that feeding strategies may play a significant role in dictating the magnitude of seasonal temperature-size responses in copepods, with potential implications for other ectotherms with diverse feeding methods. Seasonal temperature-size responses were typically much more variable than responses in laboratory studies that provided excess food, suggesting that field conditions modify the temperature-size response.

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“…In this study, we investigated transgenerational effects of OA in the calanoid copepod Pseudocalanus acuspes. Copepods of the Pseudocalanus genus are very abundant and widely distributed in temperate, subarctic, and Arctic waters (Aarbakke et al, 2011) and at times they contribute more than one-third of the total zooplankton biomass in the North Atlantic (Head et al, 2003;Thor et al, 2005;Drif et al, 2010). For this study, OA effects on fecundity and metabolism were tested at three different pCO 2 s (400, 900 and 1550 latm) during two generations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenerational effects alleviate severe fecundity loss during ocean acidification in a ubiquitous planktonic copepod

Thor

Dupont

2015

Global Change Biology

192

159

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Ocean acidification (OA) caused by anthropogenic CO2 emission is projected for thousands of years to come, and significant effects are predicted for many marine organisms. While significant evolutionary responses are expected during such persistent environmental change, most studies consider only short-term effects. Little is known about the transgenerational effects of parental environments or natural selection on the capacity of populations to counter detrimental OA effects. In this study, six laboratory populations of the calanoid copepod Pseudocalanus acuspes were established at three different CO2 partial pressures (pCO2 of 400, 900 and 1550 μatm) and grown for two generations at these conditions. Our results show evidence of alleviation of OA effects as a result of transgenerational effects in P. acuspes. Second generation adults showed a 29% decrease in fecundity at 900 μatm CO2 compared to 400 μatm CO2 . This was accompanied by a 10% increase in metabolic rate indicative of metabolic stress. Reciprocal transplant tests demonstrated that this effect was reversible and the expression of phenotypic plasticity. Furthermore, these tests showed that at a pCO2 exceeding the natural range experienced by P. acuspes (1550 μatm), fecundity would have decreased by as much as 67% compared to at 400 μatm CO2 as a result of this plasticity. However, transgenerational effects partly reduced OA effects so that the loss of fecundity remained at a level comparable to that at 900 μatm CO2 . This also relieved the copepods from metabolic stress, and respiration rates were lower than at 900 μatm CO2 . These results highlight the importance of tests for transgenerational effects to avoid overestimation of the effects of OA.

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Seasonal abundance and egg production rates of Oithona similis and Pseudocalanus elongatus in the northern North Sea: a first comparison of egg-ratio and incubation methods

Cited by 14 publications

References 68 publications

Plankton community structure and role of Oithona similis on the western coast of Greenland during the winter-spring transition

Plankton community structure and role of Oithona similis on the western coast of Greenland during the winter-spring transition

A global synthesis of seasonal temperature–size responses in copepods

Transgenerational effects alleviate severe fecundity loss during ocean acidification in a ubiquitous planktonic copepod

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