Season and Application Rates Affect Vaccine Bait Consumption by Prairie Dogs in Colorado and Utah, Usa

Tripp, Daniel W.; Rocke, Tonie E.; Streich, Sean P.; Brown, Nathanael L.; Fernández, Julia Rodríguez-Ramos; Miller, Michael W.

doi:10.7589/2013-04-100

Cited by 19 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Prior to field use, vaccine lots were tested and approved by the USDA CVB. The vaccine baits (,5 g each) consisted of an edible polymer with peanut butter added as an attractant (FoodSource Lures, Alabaster, Alabama, USA) and rhodamine B (0.25%) incorporated as a biomarker (Fernandez and Rocke 2011;Tripp et al 2014). Placebo baits were identical to vaccine baits in composition but did not contain SPV.…”

Section: Vaccine and Placebo Baitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Placebo baits were distributed on respective control areas on study day 0. We delivered all baits by hand along transects spaced 10 m apart at a bait density of 130 baits/ha (Tripp et al 2014). This equated to a total placement of 1,426 vaccine baits on the Gunnison's prairie dog treatment colony and 1,362 placebo baits on the control colony; black-tailed prairie dog treatment and control plots received 1,060 vaccine or placebo baits, respectively.…”

Section: Treatment Application and Bait Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prairie dog and small rodent capture and handling followed methods described elsewhere (Stapp et al 2008;Tripp et al 2009Tripp et al , 2014. For prairie dog capture, 100-150 Tomahawk traps (Tomahawk Live Trap Co., Tomahawk, Wisconsin, USA) were placed individually at randomly selected active burrows and were not moved between pre-and posttreatment capture sessions.…”

Section: Animal Capture and Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior to anesthetization, we observed captured prairie dogs for lethargy, ataxia, tremors, nasal or ocular discharge, and unkempt appearance and then fully examined them while anesthetized for oral lesions, ulcers, and blisters consistent with poxvirus infection. Whiskers and hair with follicles were plucked to determine bait uptake by prairie dogs and small rodents (Fernandez and Rocke 2011;Tripp et al 2014). In addition, we collected oral swabs stored in viral transport media and immediately frozen on dry ice and stored frozen for poxvirus screening.…”

Section: Animal Capture and Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Safety and efficacy of this oral vaccine have been demonstrated in laboratory trials (Mencher et al 2004;Rocke et al 2008;Rocke et al 2010a). Palatable bait containing biomarker (rhodamine B) has been developed (Fernandez and Rocke 2011), and field studies have shown that high bait (and presumably vaccine) consumption can be achieved in free-ranging prairie dogs (Tripp et al 2014). Collectively, these laboratory and field studies have provided the foundation for planning field trials to evaluate the effectiveness of SPV for controlling plague in free-ranging prairie dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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APPARENT FIELD SAFETY OF A RACCOON POXVIRUS-VECTORED PLAGUE VACCINE IN FREE-RANGING PRAIRIE DOGS (CYNOMYS SPP.), COLORADO, USA

Tripp

Rocke

Streich

et al. 2015

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) suffer high rates of mortality from plague. An oral sylvatic plague vaccine using the raccoon poxvirus vector (designated RCN-F1/V307) has been developed for prairie dogs. This vaccine is incorporated into palatable bait along with rhodamine B as a biomarker. We conducted trials in August and September 2012 to demonstrate uptake and apparent safety of the RCN-F1/V307 vaccine in two prairie dog species under field conditions. Free-ranging prairie dogs and other associated small rodents readily consumed vaccine-laden baits during field trials with no apparent adverse effects; most sampled prairie dogs (90%) and associated small rodents (78%) had consumed baits. Visual counts of prairie dogs and their burrows revealed no evidence of prairie dog decline after vaccine exposure. No vaccine-related morbidity, mortality, or gross or microscopic lesions were observed. Poxviruses were not isolated from any animal sampled prior to bait distribution or on sites that received placebo baits. We isolated RCN-F1/V307 from 17 prairie dogs and two deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) captured on sites where vaccine-laden baits were distributed. Based on these findings, studies examining the utility and effectiveness of oral vaccination to prevent plague-induced mortality in prairie dogs and associated species are underway.

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Section: Vaccine and Placebo Baitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Application and Bait Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animal Capture and Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animal Capture and Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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APPARENT FIELD SAFETY OF A RACCOON POXVIRUS-VECTORED PLAGUE VACCINE IN FREE-RANGING PRAIRIE DOGS (CYNOMYS SPP.), COLORADO, USA

Tripp

Rocke

Streich

et al. 2015

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Vaccination of Wildlife Species

Yabsley

2019

Medical Management of Wildlife Species

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Rhodamine B as a long‐term semi‐quantitative bait marker for wild boar

et al. 2017

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Wild boar and feral pigs (Sus scrofa) are increasing worldwide and baiting campaigns to deliver vaccines and toxicants are often undertaken to control their populations or the diseases they transmit. In these campaigns, it is important to assess bait uptake by the target species. We investigated the use of the systemic marker Rhodamine B (RB) to detect multiple episodes of bait uptake by wild boar. Rhodamine B is widely used in wildlife studies as a bait marker incorporated in hair, but it is still poorly studied in suids. We analyzed the detection of RB bands in different hair types of wild boar fed multiple RB-treated baits at different intervals in summer and fall. We calculated the minimum number of hairs and whiskers required to detect RB bands. Captive wild boar consumed RB-treated baits (ranging in dose from 1.3 mg/kg to 17.0 mg/kg of wild boar body mass) in summer and autumn. The time between consecutive episodes of RB-treated bait ingestion was 4 days, 9 days, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks. We collected hairs and whiskers 7, 18, 25, 39, 49, 94, 103, 110, and 124 days after feeding boar with RB-treated baits. Feeding wild boar RB-treated baits 4 and 9 days apart did not produce separate RB bands. Two to 3 weeks were sufficient for separate RB bands to appear in 17.8% of hairs and 27.0% of whiskers. The minimum number of hairs to detect RB bands was 3 for shoulder hairs and 2 for whiskers, mane, and flank hairs. Mane hairs had the fastest growth rate, and there was no difference among the growth rate of other hairs and whiskers. We suggest that a minimum of 2 mane hairs and 2 whiskers should be sampled to be 95% confident that RB bands can be detected in wild boar that have consumed RB-treated baits. Ó 2017 The Wildlife Society.

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Season and Application Rates Affect Vaccine Bait Consumption by Prairie Dogs in Colorado and Utah, Usa

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

APPARENT FIELD SAFETY OF A RACCOON POXVIRUS-VECTORED PLAGUE VACCINE IN FREE-RANGING PRAIRIE DOGS (CYNOMYS SPP.), COLORADO, USA

APPARENT FIELD SAFETY OF A RACCOON POXVIRUS-VECTORED PLAGUE VACCINE IN FREE-RANGING PRAIRIE DOGS (CYNOMYS SPP.), COLORADO, USA

Vaccination of Wildlife Species

Rhodamine B as a long‐term semi‐quantitative bait marker for wild boar

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