Isobaric labeling techniques coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry have been widely employed in proteomic workflows requiring relative quantification. For each high-resolution tandem mass spectrum (MS/MS), isobaric labeling techniques can be used not only to quantify the peptide from different samples by reporter ions, but also to identify the peptide it is derived from. Because the ions related to isobaric labeling may act as noise in database searching, the MS/MS spectrum should be preprocessed before peptide or protein identification. In this article, we demonstrate that there are a lot of high-frequency, high-abundance isobaric related ions in the MS/MS spectrum, and removing isobaric related ions combined with deisotoping and deconvolution in MS/MS preprocessing procedures significantly improves the peptide/protein identification sensitivity. The userfriendly software package TurboRaw2MGF (v2.0) has been implemented for converting raw TIC data files to mascot generic format files and can be downloaded for free Mass spectrometry-based proteomics has been widely applied to investigate protein mixtures derived from tissue, cell lysates, or from body fluids (1, 2). Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) 1 is the most popular strategy for protein/peptide mixtures analysis in shotgun proteomics (3). Large-scale protein/peptide mixtures are separated by liquid chromatography followed by online detection by tandem mass spectrometry. The capabilities of proteomics rely greatly on the performance of the mass spectrometer. With the improvement of MS technology, proteomics has benefited significantly from the high-resolution and excellent mass accuracy (4). In recent years, based on the higher efficiency of higher energy collision dissociation (HCD), a new "high-high" strategy (high-resolution MS as well as MS/MS(tandem MS)) has been applied instead of the "highlow" strategy (high-resolution MS, i.e. in Orbitrap, and lowresolution MS/MS, i.e. in ion trap) to obtain high quality tandem MS/MS data as well as full MS in shotgun proteomics. Both full MS scans and MS/MS scans can be performed, and the whole cycle time of MS detection is very compatible with the chromatographic time scale (5).High-resolution measurement is one of the most important features in mass spectrometric application. In this high-high strategy, high-resolution and accurate spectra will be achieved in tandem MS/MS scans as well as full MS scans, which makes isotopic peaks distinguishable from one another, thus enabling the easy calculation of precise charge states and monoisotopic mass. During an LC-MS/MS experiment, a multiply charged precursor ion (peptide) is usually isolated and fragmented, and then the multiple charge states of the fragment ions are generated and collected. After full extraction of peak lists from original tandem mass spectra, the commonly used search engines (i.e. Mascot (6), Sequest (7)) have no capability to distinguish isotopic peaks and recognize charge states, so all of the product ion...