Searches for superheavy elements in nature: Cosmic-ray nuclei; spontaneous fission

Ter‐Akopian, G. M.; Dmitriev, S. N.

doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2015.09.004

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The successful synthesis of superheavy nuclei in the laboratory revived the question of whether these nuclei can be found in nature. There have been searches for traces of superheavy elements in astrophysical data, including galactic cosmic rays, meteorites, and terrestrial ores (Donnelly et al, 2012;Ter-Akopian and Dmitriev, 2015). In galactic cosmic ray studies, the most conclusive results were obtained by extracting olivine crystals from pallasite meteorites and analyzing the deposited nuclear tracks (Perelygin et al, 2003a,b;Polukhina, 2012).…”

Section: Cosmic Origin Of Superheavy Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloquium : Superheavy elements: Oganesson and beyond

et al. 2019

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During the last decade, six new superheavy elements were added into the seventh period of the periodic table, with the approval of their names and symbols. This milestone was followed by proclaiming 2019 the International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements by the United Nations General Assembly. According to theory, due to their large atomic numbers, the new arrivals are expected to be qualitatively and quantitatively different from lighter species. The questions pertaining to superheavy atoms and nuclei are in the forefront of research in nuclear and atomic physics, and chemistry. This Colloquium offers a broad perspective on the field and outlines future challenges. References

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Section: Cosmic Origin Of Superheavy Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloquium : Superheavy elements: Oganesson and beyond

et al. 2019

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“…Lacking their occurrence in nature [15], the superheavy elements are produced artificially in heavy-ion induced nuclear fusion reactions (see for review [16,17]). The involved nuclear processes are not topic here.…”

Section: The Production Of Tamentioning

confidence: 99%

The periodic table – an experimenter’s guide to transactinide chemistry

Eichler

2019

Radiochimica Acta

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The fundamental principles of the periodic table guide the research and development of the challenging experiments with transactinide elements. This guidance is elucidated together with experimental results from gas phase chemical studies of the transactinide elements with the atomic numbers 104–108 and 112–114. Some deduced chemical properties of these superheavy elements are presented here in conjunction with trends established by the periodic table. Finally, prospects are presented for further chemical investigations of transactinides based on trends in the periodic table.

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“…Predicted half-lives based on the Strutinsky model using various parameter sets differed by many orders of magnitude. Some of the half-lives approached the age of the universe, and attempts have been made to discover naturally occurring SHN [36][37][38][39]. Although the corresponding discoveries were announced from time to time, none of them could be substantiated after more detailed inspection.…”

Section: Review and Status Of Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eighty years of research on super-heavy nuclei

Hofmann

2018

EPJ Web Conf.

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Professor Walter Greiner, our mentor, colleague, and friend, passed away in the age of eighty. During his lifetime, the search for elements beyond uranium started and elements up to the so far heaviest one with atomic number 118 were discovered. In this talk I will present a short history from early searches for ‘trans-uraniums’ up to the production and safe identification of shell-stabilized ‘Super-Heavy Nuclei’ (SHN). The nuclear shell model reveals that these nuclei should be located in a region with closed shells for the protons at Z = 114, 120 or 126 and for the neutrons at N = 184. The outstanding aim of experimental investigations is the exploration of this region of spherical SHN. Systematic studies of heavy ion reactions for the synthesis of SHN revealed production cross-sections which reached values down to one picobarn and even below for the heaviest species. The systematics of measured cross-sections can be understood only on the basis of relatively high fission barriers as predicted for nuclei in and around the island of SHN. A key role in answering some of the open questions plays the synthesis of isotopes of element 120. Attempts aiming for synthesizing this element at the velocity filter SHIP will be reported.

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Searches for superheavy elements in nature: Cosmic-ray nuclei; spontaneous fission

Cited by 30 publications

References 56 publications

Colloquium : Superheavy elements: Oganesson and beyond

Colloquium : Superheavy elements: Oganesson and beyond

The periodic table – an experimenter’s guide to transactinide chemistry

Eighty years of research on super-heavy nuclei

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