Search for the Ultimate Energy Source

Dean, Stephen O.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6037-4

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This approach, defined by Eqs. ( 50), (51), and (11), is the one used by TFTR and consistent with Lawson's original formulation.…”

Section: Accounting For Transient Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FEB is a free resource with a primary mission of providing unbiased information to those, especially private investors, interested in fusion energy. This paper provides open access to the many included plots, tables, and codes while also providing context for understanding the history of fusion research [9,10,11] and the tremendous scientific progress that has been made in the 65+ years since Lawson's report.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress toward fusion energy breakeven and gain as measured against the Lawson criterion

Wurzel,

Hsu

2021

Preprint

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The Lawson criterion is a key concept in the pursuit of fusion energy, relating the fuel density n, (energy) confinement time τ , and fuel temperature T to the energy gain Q of a fusion plasma. The purpose of this paper is to explain and review the Lawson criterion and to provide a compilation of achieved parameters for a broad range of historical and contemporary fusion experiments. Although this paper focuses on the Lawson criterion, it is only one of many equally important factors in assessing the progress and ultimate likelihood of any fusion concept becoming a commercially viable fusion energy system. Only experimentally measured or inferred values of n, τ , and T that have been published in the peer-reviewed literature are included in this paper. For extracting these parameters, we discuss methodologies that are necessarily specific to different fusion approaches (including magnetic, inertial, and magneto-inertial fusion). This paper is intended to serve as a reference for fusion researchers and a tutorial for all others interested in fusion energy.

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“…This approach, defined by Eqs. ( 50), (51), and (11), is the one used by TFTR and consistent with Lawson's original formulation.…”

Section: Accounting For Transient Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress toward fusion energy breakeven and gain as measured against the Lawson criterion

Wurzel,

Hsu

2021

Preprint

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“…1.1.1. Origen de los estudios en fusión Los orígenes de la fusión pueden rastrearse a los primeros días sobre la investigación de la física nuclear, esto le valió a Sir Ernest Rutherford para hacerse con el premio Nobel en 1908 por su trabajo sobre la estructura atómica y demostrar como elementos radioactivos podían convertirse en otros (Dean, 2013).…”

Section: Fusión Nuclearunclassified

“…Figura 1.1: El perhapsatron fue el primer experimento de fusión en Los Alamos, EU, imagen obtenida de Dean (2013).…”

Section: Desarrollo Del Secretounclassified

“…Jim Tuck construyó un dispositivo en el laboratorio nacional de Los Alamos denominado perhapsatron (este consistía en una forma a manera de dona, con gas deuterio dentro de ella e imanes al rededor. Se inducía una corriente al gas, que lo calentaba y se formaba un plasma) (Dean, 2013), véase g.1.1. A su funcionamiento se le conocía como efecto "pinch", que al incrementar la corriente en el gas y el campo que exterior, comprimía el gas y la temperatura incrementaba signicativamente, así como el Perhapsatron (su nombre se debía a que por aquella época era tan incierta el área de estudio que se uso como prejo del nombre la palabra perhaps que signica quizá) también hubo algunos otros intentos que consistían en maquinas lineales conocidas como espejos magnéticos (Post, 1959).…”

Section: Desarrollo Del Secretounclassified

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Dinámica y control de un reactor de fusión nuclear. El caso del proyecto ITER

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Retrospective of the ARPA-E ALPHA Fusion Program

et al. 2019

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This paper provides a retrospective of the ALPHA (Accelerating Low-cost Plasma Heating and Assembly) fusion program of the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) of the U.S. Department of Energy. ALPHA's objective was to catalyze research and development efforts to enable substantially lower-cost pathways to economical fusion power. To do this in a targeted, focused program, ALPHA focused on advancing the science and technology of pulsed, intermediate-density fusion approaches, including magneto-inertial fusion and Z-pinch variants, that have the potential to scale to commercially viable fusion power plants. The paper includes a discussion of the origins and framing of the ALPHA program, a summary of project status and outcomes, a description of associated technology-transition activities, and thoughts on a potential follow-on ARPA-E fusion program. Introduction:In 2014 the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) launched a new research program on low-cost approaches to fusion-energy development [1]. The "Accelerating Low-Cost Plasma Heating and Assembly" (ALPHA) program set out to enable more rapid progress towards fusion energy by establishing a wider range of technological options that could be pursued with smaller, lower-cost experiments, short development and construction times, and high experimental throughput. Mainstream fusion research generally refers to magnetically or inertially confined fusion, both of which require expensive facilities for reasons briefly described below and explored in more detail in several books[2] [3]. ALPHA focused on magneto-inertial fusion (MIF), a class of pulsed fusion approaches with fuel densities in between those of magnetic and inertial fusion[4], [5] [6]. This paper presents a brief background on the origins of the ALPHA program, the results achieved by ALPHA-funded teams, and a look ahead to potential next steps for low-cost fusion development. OriginsARPA-E's mission is to develop transformational new energy technologies [7]. While DOE has pursued fusion energy as a potentially transformational opportunity for decades, ARPA-E had not supported any work in fusion prior to the ALPHA program. This was in part due to a perception that fusion was inherently the realm of "big science" and that ARPA-E, which runs relatively small, targeted, short-term programs across a wide spectrum of energy technologies-did not have a role to play in that development. In launching ALPHA, ARPA-E sought to change this dynamic and bring new players into the field -both in terms of the kinds of teams doing fusion development (e.g., smaller groups and private startups), and in terms of the sources of funding (e.g., private investors). The ALPHA program

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Search for the Ultimate Energy Source

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

Progress toward fusion energy breakeven and gain as measured against the Lawson criterion

Progress toward fusion energy breakeven and gain as measured against the Lawson criterion

Dinámica y control de un reactor de fusión nuclear. El caso del proyecto ITER

Retrospective of the ARPA-E ALPHA Fusion Program

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