Search for low-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:math>nuclei containing massive stable particles

Tk, Hemmick; Elmore, D.; Gentile, Thomas R.; Pw, Kubik; Olsen, S. L.; Ciampa, D.; Nitz, D.; Kagan, H.; Haas, P.; Pf, Smith; Bb, McInteer; Bigeleisen, Jacob

doi:10.1103/physrevd.41.2074

Cited by 154 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Similarly, strongly-interacting LSPs would also form anomalous heavy nuclei. However, experiments searching for such objects [38,39,40] have excluded their presence on Earth down to an abundance far lower than the expected abundance for the LSP (see below for more details how this is calculated). Therefore, the stable LSP is presumably electrically-neutral and can have only weak interactions.…”

Section: Possible Supersymmetric Dark Matter Candidatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supersymmetric dark matter candidates

Ellis

Olive²

2010

Particle Dark Matter

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CERN-PH-TH/2010-004, UMN-TH-2831/10, FTPI-MINN-10/02After reviewing the theoretical, phenomenological and experimental motivations for supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, we recall that supersymmetric relics from the Big Bang are expected in models that conserve R parity. We then discuss possible supersymmetric dark matter candidates, focusing on the lightest neutralino and the gravitino. In the latter case, the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle is expected to be long-lived, and possible candidates include spartners of the tau lepton, top quark and neutrino. We then discuss the roles of the renormalization-group equations and electroweak symmetry breaking in delimiting the supersymmetric parameter space. We discuss in particular the constrained minimal extension of the Standard Model (CMSSM), in which the supersymmetry-breaking parameters are assumed to be universal at the grand unification scale, presenting predictions from a frequentist analysis of its parameter space. We also discuss astrophysical and cosmological constraints on gravitino dark matter models, as well as the parameter space of minimal supergravity (mSUGRA) models in which there are extra relations between the trilinear and bilinear supersymmetry-breaking parameters, and between the gravitino and scalar masses. Finally, we discuss models with non-universal supersymmetry-breaking contributions to Higgs masses, and models in which the supersymmetry-breaking parameters are universal at some scale below that of grand unification. From 'Particle Dark Matter: Observations, Models and Searches' edited byGianfranco Bertone

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Section: Possible Supersymmetric Dark Matter Candidatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supersymmetric dark matter candidates

Ellis

Olive²

2010

Particle Dark Matter

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“…[6]. On the other hand, if X-particles do not dominate ρ cosmos and do not cluster in the Halos, so that Eq.…”

Section: B Rare X-isotope Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After slowing down to thermal velocities the X-particle will be captured by the nuclei in the ocean water-most likely the oxygen nuclei-forming anomalous heavy (≈ M X ) isotopes. A careful search for precisely such heavy isotopes have been carried out in a recent experiment by Hemmick et al [6] and they find that the upper bound on the ratio r Oxygen ≤ 4 × 10 −17 − 3 × 10 −14 and r H ≤ 2 × 10 −24 − 3 × 10 −20 (for M X = 0.1 − 10 TeV). Even if the collection period is shortened to 100 million years (a reasonable lifetime of the ocean), these upper bounds would seem to exclude X particle fluxes Φ X ≥ 1 cm −2 sec −1 .…”

Section: B Rare X-isotope Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We use a plausible ansatz for the annihilation as well as scattering cross-section for these particles and draw the following conclusions: (i) if their masses are above several hundred GeV, and they saturate the halo density, they should have been seen in the existing underground detectors and are excluded by present searches [7,8]; and secondly (ii) in the same mass range they are also excluded by the recent limits on anomalously heavy isotopes of ordinary nuclei [6]. Furthermore, if either the X particles are their own antiparticles (as in the case of color octets or gluinogluon bound states) or the X andX are equally abundant ( saturating the halo density in both the cases), their annihilation in the halo can lead to energetic gamma ray fluxes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Possible manifestation of heavy stable colored particles in cosmology and cosmic rays

Mohapatra

Nussinov

1998

Phys. Rev. D

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We discuss the cosmological implications as well as possible observability of massive stable colored particles which often appear in the discussion of physics beyond the standard model. We show that if their masses are bigger than few hundred GeV and they saturate the halo densityand/or they occur with closure density of the universe, they can be ruled out by existing limits on heavy stable particles from analysis of anomalously heavy isotopes of ordinary nuclei as well as from the observations in WIMP detectors. We also derive constraints on their masses if they annihilate to produce gamma rays. We then comment on the possibility that these particles could be responsible for the ultra high energy (UHE) cosmic rays with energies ≥ 10 20 eV observed in several recent experiments and in particular point out that their low inelasticity argues against the possibility they can explain the observed UHE events.

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“…Searches have been conducted previously (see [15] and references therein), most notably on a range of nuclides including H, Li, Be, B, C, O, F, and Na to extremely low abundance limits: 10 −15 to 10 −25 strangelets per normal nucleus. That search, however, did not include He, for which special properties exist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A search for stable strange quark matter nuggets in helium

Vandegriff¹,

Raimann²,

Boyd³

et al. 1996

Physics Letters B

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A search for stable strange quark nuggets has been conducted in helium and argon using a high sensitivity mass spectrometer. The search was guided by a mass formula for strange quark nuggets which suggested that stable strange helium might exist at a mass around 65 u. The chemical similarity of such "strangelets" to noble gas atoms and the gravitational unboundedness of normal helium result in a large enhancement in the sensitivity of such a search. An abundance limit of no more than 2 · 10 −11 strangelets per normal nucleus is imposed by our search over a mass region from 42 to 82 u, with much more stringent limits at most (non-integer) masses.

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Search for low-Znuclei containing massive stable particles

Cited by 154 publications

References 27 publications

Supersymmetric dark matter candidates

Supersymmetric dark matter candidates

Possible manifestation of heavy stable colored particles in cosmology and cosmic rays

A search for stable strange quark matter nuggets in helium

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