The Majorana nature of neutrinos is one of the most fundamental questions in particle physics.It is directly related to the violation of accidental lepton number symmetry. This motivated enormous efforts into the search of such process and among them, one conventional experiment is the neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ). On the other hand, there have been proposals of future electron-positron colliders as "Higgs factory" for the precise measurement of Higgs boson properties and it has been proposed to convert such machine into an electron-electron collider. This option enables a new way to probe TeV Majorana neutrino via the inverse 0νββ decay process (e − e − → W − W − ) as an alternative and complementary test to the conventional 0νββ decay experiments. In this paper, we investigate the collider search for e − e − → W − W − in different decay channels at future electron colliders. We find the pure hadronic channel, semi-leptonic channel with muon and pure leptonic channel with dimuon have the most discovery potential.
1Enormous neutrino oscillation experiments in the last two decades have provided definite evidence for non-zero neutrino masses and the mixing between different flavors [1][2][3]. Even though the recent discovery of a Higgs-like boson has significantly improved our knowledge over generation of SM fermion masses, being tiny but electric neutral, the origin of neutrino mass may remain an open question. Firs of all, if neutrino masses arise from Yukawa couplings as the same mechanicsm as quarks and charged leptons, one immediately encounters the O(10 −12 ) hierarchy in y ν /y t . A second argument arises from the prediction of electric charge quantization. Anomaly-free conditions determine U (1) Y as the unique U (1) gauge symmetry in SM up to a normalization factor [7]. Though extending SM with milli-charged Dirac neutrino does not explicitly violate the anomaly-free conditions, the hyper-charge assignment is no longer uniquely determined unless the neutrino is a Majorana particle [8]. On the other hand, the bound on neutrino electric charge Q ν is |Q ν | (0.5 ± 2.9) × 10 −21 e (68% CL) by assuming charge conservation in β-decay n → p+e − +ν e [4,5], and |Q ν | < 2×10 −15 e from SN1987A astrophysics observation [6]. These facts motivate the study of Majorana neutrinos.Taking the effective theory approach, Majorana mass term is from the non-renormalizablewith dimensionless coupling y ij . This dimensionfive operator breaks lepton number by two units (∆L = 2) and indicates new physics at some specific Λ However, they're still weaker than the electroweak precision observable(EWPO) bound from constraining the non-unitarity of leptonic mixing matrix [37]More detailed analyses are available in [38][39][40].As an alternative, e − e − → W − W − scattering process in Fig.1 mediated by Majorana neutrino exchange is sensitive to the TeV-seesaw scenario. The intriguing feature of this process is that it could be regarded as the inverse of 0νββ decay with LNV but could occur at colliders. In addition...