SEAMIST{trademark} in-situ instrumentation and vapor sampling system applications in the Sandia Mixed Waste Landfill Integrated Demonstration program: Final report

Williams, Cecelia V.; Lowry, William E.; Cremer, D.; Dunn, Sam

doi:10.2172/119962

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Primary factors driving advective transport include diurnal pressure and temperature fluctuations leading to barometric pumping. (Williams et al ) reports diurnal cycles of pressure gradients at grade in the range of 0.3 to −0.3 mm H 2 O/m due to barometric pumping. In addition, conversion of subsurface LNAPL to gas phase by‐products can drive advective fluxes of gases (Amos et al ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Natural Losses of LNAPL Using CO₂ Traps

McCoy

Zimbron

Sale³

et al. 2014

Groundwater

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Efflux of CO2 above releases of petroleum light nonaqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) has emerged as a critical parameter for resolving natural losses of LNAPLs and managing LNAPL sites. Current approaches for resolving CO2 efflux include gradient, flux chamber, and mass balance methods. Herein a new method for measuring CO2 efflux above LNAPL bodies, referred to as CO2 traps, is introduced. CO2 traps involve an upper and a lower solid phase sorbent elements that convert CO2 gas into solid phase carbonates. The sorbent is placed in an open vertical section of 10 cm ID polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe located at grade. The lower sorbent element captures CO2 released from the subsurface via diffusion and advection. The upper sorbent element prevents atmospheric CO2 from reaching the lower sorbent element. CO2 traps provide integral measurement of CO2 efflux based over the period of deployment, typically 2 to 4 weeks. Favorable attributes of CO2 traps include simplicity, generation of integral (time averaged) measurement, and a simple means of capturing CO2 for carbon isotope analysis. Results from open and closed laboratory experiments indicate that CO2 traps quantitatively capture CO2 . Results from the deployment of 23 CO2 traps at a former refinery indicate natural loss rates of LNAPL (measured in the fall, likely concurrent with high soil temperatures and consequently high degradation rates) ranging from 13,400 to 130,000 liters per hectare per year (L/Ha/year). A set of field triplicates indicates a coefficient of variation of 18% (resulting from local spatial variations and issues with measurement accuracy).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Natural Losses of LNAPL Using CO₂ Traps

McCoy

Zimbron

Sale³

et al. 2014

Groundwater

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“…If a water-conducting pathway intersects the well sand layer, water may accumulate around the monitoring probe or perch on top of a bentonite seal, producing erroneous measurements of water flow. An application of the widely used FLUTE liners at DOE sites (Keller, 1991;Williams et al, 1995) requires a careful design and maintenance to provide a good contact between the liner and soils.…”

Section: Current Technologies and Technical Gaps Associated With Theimentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term and long-term Vadose zone monitoring: Current technologies, development, and applications

Faybishenko¹

1999

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and other DOE sites, field vadose zone observations have shown complex water seepage and mass transport behavior in a highly heterogeneous, thick vadose zone on a variety of scales. Recent investigation showed that severe contamination of soils and groundwater by organic contaminant and nuclear waste occurred because of water seepage and contaminant transport along localized, preferential, fast flow within the heterogeneous vadose zone. However, most of the existing characterization and monitoring methods are not able to locate these localized and persistent preferential pathways associated with specific heterogeneous geologic features, such as clastic dikes, caliche layers, or fractures. In addition, changes in the chemical composition of moving and indigenous solutes, particularly sodium concentration, redox conditions, biological transformation of organic materials, and high temperature, may significantly alter water, chemicals, and bio-transformation exchange between the zones of fast flow and the rest of the media. In this paper, using the data from Hanford and INEEL sites, we will (1) present evidence that central problems of the vadose zone investigations are associated with preferential, fast flow phenomena and accelerated migration of organic and radioactive elements, (2) identify gaps in current characterization and monitoring technologies, and (3) recommend actions for the development of advanced vadose zone characterization and monitoring methods using a combination of hydrologic, geochemical, and geophysical techniques.

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SEAMIST{trademark} in-situ instrumentation and vapor sampling system applications in the Sandia Mixed Waste Landfill Integrated Demonstration program: Final report

Cited by 2 publications

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Measurement of Natural Losses of LNAPL Using CO₂ Traps

Measurement of Natural Losses of LNAPL Using CO₂ Traps

Short-term and long-term Vadose zone monitoring: Current technologies, development, and applications

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SEAMIST{trademark} in-situ instrumentation and vapor sampling system applications in the Sandia Mixed Waste Landfill Integrated Demonstration program: Final report

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Measurement of Natural Losses of LNAPL Using CO2 Traps

Measurement of Natural Losses of LNAPL Using CO2 Traps

Short-term and long-term Vadose zone monitoring: Current technologies, development, and applications

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Product

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Measurement of Natural Losses of LNAPL Using CO₂ Traps

Measurement of Natural Losses of LNAPL Using CO₂ Traps