Seafood sold in Sweden contains BMAA: A study of free and total concentrations with UHPLC–MS/MS and dansyl chloride derivatization

Salomonsson, Matilda Lampinen; Fredriksson, Elisabeth; Alfjorden, Anders; Hedeland, Mikael; Bondesson, Ulf

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.11.002

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(69 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In a marine environment such as the Baltic Sea, the BMAA levels produced by cyanobacteria were estimated to be in the range of 0.001-0.015 lg g 21 dry weight of cyanobacteria, and higher levels of BMAA were detected in zooplankton (0.0037-0.087 lg g 21 dry weight) and in different fish species (0.0019-1.29 lg g 21 dry weight) (Jonasson et al, 2010). Thus, high amounts of BMAA may enter humans via bioaccumulation in seafood (Jiang et al, 2014b;Salomonsson et al, 2015). BMAA has diverse effects on phytoplankton, plants and animals (Popova and Koksharova, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress effects of cyanotoxin β‐methylamino‐L‐alanine (BMAA) on cyanobacterial heterocyst formation and functionality

Popova

Rasmussen

Semashko

et al. 2018

Environ Microbiol Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Various species of cyanobacteria, diatoms and dinoflagellates are capable of synthesizing the non-proteinogenic neurotoxic amino acid β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA), which is known to be a causative agent of human neurodegeneration. Similar to most cyanotoxins, the biological and ecological functions of BMAA in cyanobacteria are unknown. In this study, we show for the first time that BMAA, in micromolar amounts, inhibits the formation of heterocysts (specialized nitrogen-fixing cells) in heterocystous, diazotrophic cyanobacteria [Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102 (ATCC 29133), Nostoc sp. strain 8963] under conditions of nitrogen starvation. The inhibitory effect of BMAA is abolished by the addition of glutamate. To understand the genetic reason for the observed phenomenon, we used qPCR to study the expression of key genes involved in cell differentiation and nitrogen metabolism in the model cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. We observed that in the presence of BMAA, Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 does not express two essential genes associated with heterocyst differentiation, namely, hetR and hepA. We also found that addition of BMAA to cyanobacterial cultures with mature heterocysts inhibits nifH gene expression and nitrogenase activity.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress effects of cyanotoxin β‐methylamino‐L‐alanine (BMAA) on cyanobacterial heterocyst formation and functionality

Popova

Rasmussen

Semashko

et al. 2018

Environ Microbiol Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The reported L-BMAA concentrations in the aquatic environment vary widely between studies ranging from ng/g dry weight to low mg/g dry weight range in phytoplankton (Jonasson et al, 2010;Faassen, 2014). Concentrations similar to those for phytoplankton were reported also in animals used for human consumption, such as crabs, oysters, mussels, fish and algae food supplements (Scott et al, 2009;Jonasson et al, 2010;Niedzwiadek et al, 2012;Jiang et al, 2014b;Reveillon et al, 2015;Salomonsson et al, 2015). Considering that L-BMAA biosynthesized by symbiotic or/and freeliving cyanobacteria can accumulate in organisms and can biomagnify in the food web, both in free amino acid and proteinbound forms, concentrations in organisms can increase significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Assessment of the mutagenic and genotoxic activity of cyanobacterial toxin beta-N-methyl-amino-L-alanine in Salmonella typhimurium

Novak

Hercog

Žegura

2016

Toxicon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In various freshwater and marine environments, invertebrate grazers and fish exposed to blooms of potential BMAA producers have also been analyzed and, at least in some studies, found to accumulate BMAA (Brand et al, 2010; Jiao et al, 2014; Andrýs et al, 2015; Réveillon et al, 2015; Salomonsson et al, 2015; Réveillon et al, 2016). However, negative outcomes of such surveys are also quite common (Scott et al, 2009; Niedzwiadek et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current reports of BMAA occurrence in the Baltic Sea region suggest that benthic fish have higher BMAA levels than pelagic ones (Lage et al, 2015) even though no BMAA was found in sediments (Jiang et al, 2014a). Unfortunately, most of the evidence is based on the samples collected outside the spring (diatoms and dinoflagellates) and summer (cyanobacteria) blooms, and in the areas not subjected to intense cyanobacterial blooms, such as the west coast of Sweden (Jiang et al, 2014a; Salomonsson et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a BMAA transfer in the pelagic and benthic food webs in the Baltic Sea?

Zguna

Karlson

Ilag

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

11The evidence regarding BMAA occurrence in the Baltic Sea is contradictory, with benthic 12 sources appearing to be more important than pelagic ones. The latter is counterintuitive 13 considering that pelagic primary producers, such as diatoms, dinoflagellates, and 14 cyanobacteria, are the only plausible source of this compound in the food webs. To elucidate 15 BMAA distribution in trophic pathways, we analyzed BMAA in the pelagic and benthic food 16 webs sampled in summer 2010 in the Northern Baltic Proper. As potential BMAA sources, 17 phytoplankton communities in early and late summer were used. As pelagic consumers, 18 zooplankton, mysids and zooplanktivorous fish (herring) were used, whereas benthic 19 invertebrates (amphipods, priapulids, polychaetes, and clams) and benthivorous fish (perch 20 and flounder) represented the benthic food chain. To establish the trophic structure of the 21 system, the stable isotope (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) composition of its components was determined. 22Contrary to the reported ubiquitous occurrence of BMAA in the Baltic food webs, only 23 phytoplankton and lower consumers (zooplankton and mysids) of the pelagic food chain 24 tested positive. Given that our analytical approaches were adequate, we conclude that no 25 measurable levels of this compound occurred in the benthic invertebrates and any of the 26 tested fish species in the study area. These findings indicate that widely assumed presence 27 and transfer of BMAA to the top consumers in the food webs of the Baltic Sea and, possibly, 28 other systems remain an open question. More controlled experiments and field observations 29 are needed to understand the transfer and possible transformation of BMAA in the food web 30 under various environmental settings. 31 Keywords: BMAA, Baltic Sea, food web, phytoplankton, pelagic and benthic food chains, 32 stable isotopes 33 34 35 62 Réveillon et al., 2015; Salomonsson et al., 2015; Réveillon et al., 2016). However, negative 63 outcomes of such surveys are also quite common (Scott et al., 2009; Niedzwiadek et al., 64 2012). Then again, most studies reporting BMAA transfer from primary producers to fish 65 have weak sampling design, suffering inconsistencies in both temporal and spatial 66 correspondence between the collected samples of sources and consumers. These 67 4 inconsistencies hamper quantitative analysis of the BMAA transfer in the food web and make 68 it difficult to trace this compound to specific producers. As a result, controversy surrounds 69 the sources and pathways of BMAA production and accumulation in aquatic ecosystems, 70 which is further complicated by inadequate analytical approaches that have been frequently 71 used in the past. 72 The evaluation and recent development of the analytical techniques strongly suggest that 73 some of the previous data may overestimate the BMAA concentrations in the environmental 74 samples (Faassen et al., 2012). Indeed, owing to the differences between the analytical 75 methods (Faassen et al., 2012), the reported concent...

show abstract

Seafood sold in Sweden contains BMAA: A study of free and total concentrations with UHPLC–MS/MS and dansyl chloride derivatization

Abstract: HighlightsBMAA could be detected in seafood which have been imported to Sweden origin from four different continents.Quantification of both free and total concentrations BMAA in mussels and scallops.The highest concentration of total BMAA was found in imported cooked and canned mussels.

Cited by 36 publications

References 30 publications

Stress effects of cyanotoxin β‐methylamino‐L‐alanine (BMAA) on cyanobacterial heterocyst formation and functionality

Stress effects of cyanotoxin β‐methylamino‐L‐alanine (BMAA) on cyanobacterial heterocyst formation and functionality

Assessment of the mutagenic and genotoxic activity of cyanobacterial toxin beta-N-methyl-amino-L-alanine in Salmonella typhimurium

Is there a BMAA transfer in the pelagic and benthic food webs in the Baltic Sea?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About