Sea water desalination using electrodialysis

Improving the carbon footprint of water treatment with renewable energy: a Western Australian case study

“…Since this process has not been used by Water Corporation, the basic concept for operating the plant was obtained from Sadrzadeh and Mohammadi (2007). For an ED unit, it consists of a number of anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes (AEM and CEM) and being assemble alternatively in between an anode and a cathode electrode.…”

On the Desalination of Saline Waters via Batch Adsorption with Spent Tea Leaves

“…Salinity can change from ocean to ocean, but the relative proportions between the main components (NaCl, MgCl 2 , MgSO 4 , CaSO 4 , K 2 SO 4 , NaHCO 3 , LiBr) are practically constant for all the oceans [2,5,6].…”

“…Desalination could be defined as the process by which seawater that contains 35,000 ppm of salt is converted into water that can be consumed by people, domestic applications and industrial utilization [3]. There are important differences between freshwater and potable water.…”

“…Although freshwater cannot be directly obtained, it can be obtained by using man-made technologies. Desalination is seen as a viable technology that compensates the current disequilibrium in the water cycle and does not compete with other systems such as dams and channels [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Electrochemically Mediated Seawater Desalination

“…In fact, Han and coworkers have recently shown that ICP can be adapted to seawater desalination with a reported energy efficiency of 3750 mWh/L (~99% salt rejection, 50% recovery) for a small-scale system. [19] A number of other electrochemical approaches, including capacitive deionization, [20] a desalination battery, [21] and electrodialysis, [22] have also been implemented for seawater desalination, although these techniques are more commonly used to desalinate brackish water because their power consumption scales with the extent of salt removal. [23] The EMD experiments reported here were carried out using a PDMS/quartz hybrid microfluidic device (22 μm-tall channels with a 100 μm-wide inlet and two 50 μm-wide outlets) outfitted with a pyrolyzed photoresist carbon (PPC) [24] BPE.…”