Sea Urchin Spine Calcite Forms via a Transient Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Phase

Politi, Yael; Arad, Talmon; Klein, Eugenia; Weiner, Steve; Addadi, Lia

doi:10.1126/science.1102289

Cited by 875 publications

(846 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this same group (Beniash et al 1997, 1999, Politi et al 2004 and recently in bivalves (Weiss et al 2002, Jacob et al 2011 shown that the initial stages of calcification are intracellular processes: an amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) precursor phase is formed in vesicles and later exocytosed to be incorporated into the skeleton (see Addadi et al 2006 for a review of current concepts). It is not unlikely that elevated blood bicarbonate concentrations, as encountered during hypercapnia in cuttlefish, increase the rates of import of this substrate for biomineralization into calcifying epithelial cells: ACC formation and calcification in general could be increased this way.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean acidification and temperature rise: effects on calcification during early development of the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis

et al. 2012

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Abstract:This study investigated the effects of seawater pH (i.e. 8.10, 7.85 and 7.60) and temperature (16 and 19°C) on (i) the abiotic conditions in the fluid surrounding the embryo (viz. the perivitelline fluid),(ii) growth, development and (iii) cuttlebone calcification of embryonic and juvenile stages of the cephalopod Sepia officinalis. Egg swelling increased in response to acidification or warming, leading to an increase in egg surface while the interactive effects suggested a limited plasticity of the swelling modulation. Embryos experienced elevated pCO 2 conditions in the perivitelline fluid (> 3-fold higher pCO 2 than that of ambient seawater), rendering the medium under-saturated even under ambient conditions. The growth of both embryos and juveniles was unaffected by pH, whereas 45 Ca incorporation in cuttlebone increased significantly with decreasing pH at both temperatures. This phenomenon of hypercalcification is limited to only a number of animals but does not guarantee functional performance and calls for better mechanistic understanding of calcification processes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean acidification and temperature rise: effects on calcification during early development of the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis

et al. 2012

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“…Adapted from [163]. thought to be a single crystal [166,167], it has recently been shown that the structure consists of periodic and uniform nanocrystals, 30-50 nm in diameter, with parallel crystallographic alignment (Fig. 22a-b) [68,[163][164][165].…”

Section: Sea Urchin Spinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22a-b) [68,[163][164][165]. These nanocrystals are held together with layers of amino acids (mainly aspartic and glutamic acid) with a thickness of several hundred nanometers [165][166][167]. This results in a structure that fractures in a manner similar to glass (Fig.…”

Section: Sea Urchin Spinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and mechanical properties of selected protective systems in marine organisms

Naleway

Taylor

Porter

et al. 2016

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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“…The presence of organic biomolecules plays a significant role in the process of biomineralization, such as transient stabilization of amorphous calcium carbonate or regulation of Mg content (e.g. Politi et al, 2004;Hermans et al, 2011). Organic material can also influence mechanical properties of biogenic carbonate, contributing to ductility (Meyers et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace element accumulation in the shell of the Arctic cirriped Balanus balanus

et al. 2018

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Barnacles are widespread and abundant inhabitants of rock surfaces in the intertidal zone, providing considerable contributions to the formation of carbonate sediments. The main goal of this study was to test two hypotheses: (1) the chemical composition of the Balanus balanus shell is mostly controlled biologically, and environmental factors have only minor influences, and (2) the chemical composition of B. balanus shells does not vary with size. To test these hypotheses, samples were collected in two fjords from two depths. This study revealed site-related differences in shell chemistry, although no variability in shell chemical compositions was detected between the depths and among the size categories. Barnacle shell plates had different accumulation patterns for different trace elements (Mg, S, Sr), with the operculum as the most distinctive shell plate. As those plates are precipitated under the same environmental conditions, the different accumulation patterns may indicate biological control of element uptake in cirripedes. We suggest that the specific chemical composition of the operculum may be related to the required mechanical properties of this shell part, and thus, it is likely that this organism regulates accumulation patterns within its shell, because such regulation increases its adaptive properties. Our results supported both presented hypotheses.

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Sea Urchin Spine Calcite Forms via a Transient Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Phase

Cited by 875 publications

References 22 publications

Ocean acidification and temperature rise: effects on calcification during early development of the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis

Ocean acidification and temperature rise: effects on calcification during early development of the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis

Structure and mechanical properties of selected protective systems in marine organisms

Trace element accumulation in the shell of the Arctic cirriped Balanus balanus

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