Sea urchin small nuclear RNA genes are organized in distinct tandemhy repeating units

Card, Charles O.; Morris, Gilbert F.; Brown, David T.; Marzluff, William F.

doi:10.1093/nar/10.23.7677

Cited by 46 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…RNA was analyzed by electrophoresis on 10% polyacrylamide gels in 7 M urea as previously described (8). The RNA was detected by autoradiography.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of U1 RNA in isolated nuclei from sea urchin embryos: U1 RNA is initiated at the first nucleotide of the RNA.

Morris¹,

Marzluff²

1985

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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Nuclei from sea urchin blastula embryos synthesize a variety of small RNAs, one of which has identical mobility with sea urchin Ul RNA. This RNA is synthesized by RNA polymerase II and, in a hybridizationselection experiment, was selected by the cloned sea urchin Ul gene. The Ul RNA was initiated with ATP, but not GIP, in isolated nuclei with P-S-and y-S-ribonucleotide triphosphates as substrates. The Ul RNA containing thiophosphate at the 5' end was not capped but accumulated as an uncapped transcript from which the thiophosphate could be removed with calf intestinal phosphatase.

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“…RNA was analyzed by electrophoresis on 10% polyacrylamide gels in 7 M urea as previously described (8). The RNA was detected by autoradiography.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sea urchin Ul RNA is encoded by a 1,400-base tandemly repeated gene set (8) and is synthesized at a high rate early in sea urchin development (30). Using isolated nuclei from sea urchin blastula embryos, we report that the Ul RNA is synthesized accurately in vitro.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Synthesis of U1 RNA in isolated nuclei from sea urchin embryos: U1 RNA is initiated at the first nucleotide of the RNA.

Morris¹,

Marzluff²

1985

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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“…There are dramatic changes in the rates of expression of the small nuclearRNA genes as well (16). We have previously reported that most of the genes coding for Ul RNA are present in a 1.4kb tandemly repeated unit in the sea urchin L. variegatus (17). One copy of the Ul gene is present in each repeating unit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and expression of a second sea urchin U1 RNA gene repeat

Nash

Santiago

et al. 1986

Nucl Acids Res

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“…Strong mU2 expression also rules out promoter occlusion and/or transcriptional interference between closely spaced U2 snRNA genes. In fact, the U2 snRNA genes of Xenopus laevis are organized as 500 to 1,000 tandem repeats of an 831-bp unit (29), which is essentially identical in size to the mU2 repeat unit, and the sea urchin U2 genes are organized as Ϸ25 tandem repeats of a 1.1-kb unit (7).…”

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confidence: 99%

Adenovirus Type 12-Induced Fragility of the Human RNU2 Locus Requires U2 Small Nuclear RNA Transcriptional Regulatory Elements

Bailey

Pavelitz

et al. 1995

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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Infection of human cells with oncogenic adenovirus type 12 (Ad12) induces four specific chromosome fragile sites. Remarkably, three of these sites appear to colocalize with tandem arrays of genes encoding small, abundant, ubiquitously expressed structural RNAs-the RNU1 locus encoding U1 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), the RNU2 locus encoding U2 snRNA, and the RN5S locus encoding 5S rRNA. Recently, an artificial tandem array of the natural 5.8-kb U2 repeat unit has been shown to generate a new Ad12-inducible fragile site (Y.-P. Li, R. Tomanin, J. R. Smiley, and S. Bacchetti, Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:6064-6070, 1993), demonstrating that the U2 repeat unit alone is sufficient for virally induced fragility. To identify elements within the U2 repeat unit that are required for virally induced fragility, we generated cell lines containing artificial tandem arrays of the entire 5.8-kb repeat unit, an 834-bp fragment spanning the U2 gene alone, or the same 834-bp fragment from which key U2 transcriptional regulatory elements had been deleted. The U2 snRNA coding regions within each artificial array were marked by an innocuous single base change (U to C at position 87) so that the relative expression of supernumerary and endogenous U2 genes could be monitored by a primer extension assay. We find that artificial arrays of both the 5.8-and the 0.8-kb U2 repeat units are fragile but that arrays lacking either the distal sequence element or both the distal and the proximal sequence elements of the promoter are not. Surprisingly, variations in repeat copy number and/or transcriptional activity of the artificial arrays do not appear to correlate with the degree of Ad12-inducible fragility. We conclude that U2 transcriptional regulatory elements are required for virally induced fragility but not necessarily U2 snRNA transcription per se.

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Sea urchin small nuclear RNA genes are organized in distinct tandemhy repeating units

Cited by 46 publications

References 27 publications

Synthesis of U1 RNA in isolated nuclei from sea urchin embryos: U1 RNA is initiated at the first nucleotide of the RNA.

Synthesis of U1 RNA in isolated nuclei from sea urchin embryos: U1 RNA is initiated at the first nucleotide of the RNA.

Structure and expression of a second sea urchin U1 RNA gene repeat

Adenovirus Type 12-Induced Fragility of the Human RNU2 Locus Requires U2 Small Nuclear RNA Transcriptional Regulatory Elements

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