Sea Turtles as Potential Dispersal Vectors for Non-Indigenous Species: The Veined Rapa Whelk as an Epibiont of Loggerhead Sea Turtles

A checklist of turtle and whale barnacles (Cirripedia: Thoracica: Coronuloidea)

“…Aguirre et al, 1994: 9; Anderson, 1994: 297; Angulo-Lozano et al, 2007: 13; Annandale, 1906: 138; Aznar et al, 2010: 306; Bacon, 1976: 34; Balazs, 1978: 128; Barnard, 1924: 92; Biasatti, 2004: 206; Borradaile, 1903: 443; Broch, 1916: 14; 1924b: 204; 1931: 122; 1947: 7; Brown & Brown, 1995: 238; Bugoni et al, 2001: 7; Caine, 1986: 19; Cárdenas-Palomo & Maldonado-Gasca, 2005: 32; Casale et al, 2004: 1005; Caziot, 1921: 51; Chan et al, 2009: 168; Cupul-Magaña et al, 2011: 213; Daniel, 1955: 31; Darwin, 1854: 392; Davenport, 1994: 735; Dawydoff, 1952: 129; de Alessandri, 1895: 391; 1906: 314; Deraniyagala, 1939: 204; Edmondson, 1946: 231; Edmondson & Ingram, 1939: 255; Eldredge & Miller, 1997: 11; Ellis, 1758: 852; Farrapeira, 2010: 212; Fischer, 1884: 359; Flint et al, 2009: 741; 2010: 299; Frazier, 1971: 394; 1986: 472; 1989: 250; Frazier & Margaritoulis, 1990: 216; Frazier et al, 1985: 129; Frick & Ross, 2001: 16; 2002: 10; Frick & Slay, 2000: 103; Frick et al, 1998: 213; 2000: 3; 2003b: 19; 2004: 615; 2010b: 169; 2011: 629; Fuller et al, 2010: 1743; Gauld 1957: 10; Geldiay et al, 1995: 428; Gittings et al, 1986: 3; Glazebrook & Campbell, 1990: 102; González et al, 2012: 132; Gordon, 1970: 94; Gramentz, 1988: 35; Gray, 1825: 105; Gruvel, 1903: 115; 1905a: 266; 1907: 8; 1931: 404; Guess, 1982: 122; Gunter, 1981: 90; Harding et al, 2011: 236; Harzhauser et al, 2011: 478; Hayashi, 2009: 2; 2012: 107; Hayashi & Tsuji, 2008: 121; Heller, 1866: 759; Hendrickson, 1958: 523; Henry, 1941: 105; 1943: 368; 1954: 444; 1960: 147; Hernandez-Vazquez & Valadez-Gonzalez, 1998: 121; Hiro, 1936a: 61; 1936b: 312; 1937a: 69; 1937b: 470;…”

“…Aguirre et al, 1994: 12; Alexander et al, 2004: 14; Alonso et al, 2010: 167; Anderson, 1994: 297; Angulo-Lozano et al, 2007: 14; Bacon, 1976: 34; Balazs, 1985: 17; Barnes & Klepal, 1971: 89; Beck & Forrester, 1988: 633; Broch, 1924a: 18; 1924b: 203; 1927a: 30; Bugoni et al, 2001: 7; Chan et al, 2009: 176; Chan & Hayashi, in press; Chevreux & de Guerne, 1893: 443; Crisp, 1967: 136; Daniel, 1955: 33; Darwin, 1854: 428; Eckert & Eckert, 1987: 684; 1988: 401; Eldredge & Miller, 1997: 11; Fabricius, 1798: 35; Farrapeira, 2010: 212; Fertl & Newman, 2009: 91; Fischer 1884: 359; Foster, 1978: 117; Frazier, 1971: 394; 1989: 250; Frick et al, 2011: 629; Glazebrook & Campbell, 1990: 102; González et al, 2012: 132; Gramentz, 1988: 35; Gruvel, 1903: 151; 1905a: 276; Harding et al, 2011: 236; Hayashi, 2009: 2; 2012: 114; Hayashi et al, 2011; Henry, 1954: 444; Hernandez-Vazquez & Valadez-Gonzalez, 1998: 121; Hiro, 1936a: 61; 1936b: 312; 1937a: 70; 1937b: 472; Holmes et al, 1997: 153; Holthuis, 1952: 72; Innocenti, 2006: 7; Jones, 2003: 484; 2004: 140; 2010: 199; Jones et al, 1990: 12; Kitsos et al, 2005: 259; Kolosváry, 1943: 101; 1951: 412; Korschelt, 1933: 22; Koukouras & Matsa, 1998: 136; Krüger, 1912: 13; Limpus et al, 1983a: 192; Liu & Ren, 2007: 312; Losey et al, 1994: 686; Lucas, 1968: 132; Lutcavage & Musick, 1985: 453; Mead & Potter, 1990: 177; Monroe, 1981: 240; Monroe & Limpus, 1979: 205; O'Riordan, 1979: 356; Pilsbry, 1916: 285; Relini, 1969: 169; Ren, 1980: 188; Richards, 1930: 143; Ross, 1963a: 156; Ross & Frick, 2011: 62; Ryder, 1879: 453; Sandison, 1950: 312; Schwartz,…”

Unintended backpackers: bio-fouling of the invasive gastropod Rapana venosa on the green turtle Chelonia mydas in the Río de la Plata Estuary, Uruguay

“…Muricid gastropods reported so far as epibionts of sea turtles, loggerheads in particular, are species native to the southeastern US (Stramonita haemastoma flooridana Conrad [Southern Oyster Drill] and Chicoreus pomum Gmelin [Apple Murex]; Harding et al 2011). Although many of the epibiotic species that occur on loggerheads are obligate commensals (Frick et al 2010) this is not the case for green turtles.…”

“…However, the rapa whelks also constitute an important dietary item for immature loggerheads (Caretta caretta) in the Río de la Plata estuary (Carranza et al 2011). Recently, Harding et al (2011) reported the first record of R. venosa as an epibiont of loggerheads in the South Atlantic Bight, USA, suggesting that sea turtles can be potential dispersal vectors. All this evidence reinforces the idea that interactions amongst invading and native species are often hard to predict (Walther et al 2002).…”

Are regional effects on local diversity more important in marine than in terrestrial communities?

“…An experimental study of the effects of wind vs water dispersed propagules (seeds) on the diversity of riparian plant communities showed that treatments receiving only water dispersed seeds attained higher local species richness than those receiving wind dispersed seeds during early succession (Merritt et al 2010) lending support to speculation that regional propagule dispersal may play a greater role in shaping local richness in aquatic and marine systems in general, than in terrestrial systems. Three mechanisms of long distance dispersal of plants and invertebrates warranting further consideration in LSR–RSR relations are 1) passive rafting (Thiel and Haye 2006, Winston 2012), ‘hitchhiking’ on or in vertebrates such as sea turtles, dolphins and birds (Spivey 1980, Harding et al 2011, Gillespie et al 2012) and 3) human transport of species, a major focus of invasion biology (Hulme 2009).…”