Sea Surface Temperature and Current-related Parameters Affecting Local Adaptation of Scalloped Spiny Lobster Population in Indonesia's Archipelagic System

Abstract

Indonesia has one of the largest archipelagic systems in the world, potentially affecting the complex population structures of aquatic organisms. The Scalloped Spiny Ocean (Panulirus homarus, Linnaeus 1758) has been identified widely distributed worldwide. These facts have led to questions regarding spiny lobster harvest and culture management by considering population differentiation and habitat fragmentation on complex and distinct archipelagic islands. Our investigation was conducted using high-density SNPs datasets from several spiny lobsters harvested from five locations in Indonesia. We found strong differentiation among spiny lobster populations clustered into 3 sub-populations. Environment association analysis and Fst analysis revealed outlier loci significantly associated with Sea Surface Temperature variation and potentially correlated with Sea Current-related parameters. These finding were suggested to be implemented as the essential consideration in spiny lobster management.