Sea State

Boicourt, William C.; Ličer, Matjaž; Li, Ming; Vodopivec, Martin; Malačič, Vlado

doi:10.1002/9781119543626.ch3

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 199 publications

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“…These fluctuations are mainly influenced by the inflow of freshwater, primarily from the Isonzo River and by the bora wind blowing offshore. The average surface water temperature is around 25 • C in summer, occasionally reaching up to 28 • C, while, in winter, it can drop below 8 • C [70]. The average salinity in this area is 37-38 • C [71,72].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 92%

Too Hot to Handle: Effects of Water Temperature on the Early Life Stages of Gongolaria barbata (Fucales)

Lokovšek,

Pitacco,

Falace

et al. 2024

JMSE

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Gongolaria barbata plays a crucial role as a habitat-forming Fucales species in the Mediterranean Sea, thriving in shallow, sheltered coastal regions, where it exhibits optimal growth in a temperature range of 10 to 25 °C. In the northern Adriatic Sea, a semi-enclosed part of the Mediterranean, there has been a remarkable increase in seawater temperatures in recent decades, often exceeding 28 °C in summer. These high temperatures pose a significant threat to the vulnerable early life stages of G. barbata. This study delves into the effects of four temperatures (15, 18, 24, and 28 °C) on the growth of G. barbata over its first 16 days, closely monitoring mortality, deformities, and overall survival. Our experiments reveal that higher temperatures can result in deformities and increased mortality of germlings. Notably, a temperature of 28 °C resulted in the death of all germlings within the first week, whereas those exposed to 24 °C survived until the second week, albeit with significant deformities prior to death. In contrast, germlings cultivated at 15 and 18 °C exhibited normal development with minimal deformities. These results highlight the susceptibility of the early life stages of G. barbata to temperature-induced stress and provide valuable insights into the potential consequences of rising seawater temperatures in the Mediterranean.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 92%

Too Hot to Handle: Effects of Water Temperature on the Early Life Stages of Gongolaria barbata (Fucales)

Lokovšek,

Pitacco,

Falace

et al. 2024

JMSE

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“…The study area is located in the Gulf of Trieste, a shallow, semi-enclosed bay in the northernmost part of the Adriatic Sea, with an average depth of only 18.7 m and a maximum depth of 37 m. The area is known for the highest tidal amplitudes (average = 88 cm; [ 79 ]) and the lowest temperatures in winter [ 80 ]. Water temperature and salinity are strongly influenced by river discharge.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keep It Simple: Improving the Ex Situ Culture of Cystoseira s.l. to Restore Macroalgal Forests

Lokovšek

Pitacco

Trkov

et al. 2023

Plants

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Brown algae from genus Cystoseira s.l. form dense underwater forests that represent the most productive areas in the Mediterranean Sea. Due to the combined effects of global and local stressors such as climate change, urbanization, and herbivore outbreaks, there has been a severe decline in brown algal forests in the Mediterranean Sea. Natural recovery of depleted sites is unlikely due to the low dispersal capacity of these species, and efficient techniques to restore such habitats are needed. In this context, the aims of our study were (1) to improve and simplify the current ex situ laboratory protocol for the cultivation of Gongolaria barbata by testing the feasibility of some cost-effective and time-efficient techniques on two donor sites of G. barbata and (2) to evaluate the survival and growth of young thalli during the laboratory phase and during the most critical five months after out-planting. Specifically, the following ex situ cultivation methods were tested: (A) cultivation on clay tiles in mesocosms with culture water prepared by three different procedures (a) filtered seawater with a 0.22 μm filter membrane, (b) filtered seawater with a 0.7 μm filter membrane (GF), and (c) UV-sterilized water, and (B) cultivation on clay tiles in open laboratory systems. After two weeks, all thalli were fixed to plastic lantern net baskets suspended at a depth of 2 m in the coastal sea (hybrid method), and the algal success was monitored in relation to the different donor sites and cultivation protocol. The satisfactory results of this study indicate that UV-sterilized water is suitable for the cultivation of G. barbata in mesocosm, which significantly reduces the cost of the laboratory phase. This opens the possibility of numerous and frequent algal cultures during the reproductive period of the species. Additionally, if the young thalli remain in the lantern net baskets for an extended period of several months, they can grow significantly in the marine environment without being exposed to pressure from herbivorous fish.

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Diversity of Molluscan Assemblage in Relation to Biotic and Abiotic Variables in Brown Algal Forests

Orlando-Bonaca

Trkov

Klun

et al. 2022

Plants

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Canopy-forming macroalgae, mainly those belonging to the order Fucales, form the so-called brown algal forests, which are among the most productive assemblages in shallow coastal zones. Their vertical, branching canopies increase nearshore primary production, provide nursery areas for juvenile fish, and sustain understory assemblages of smaller algae and both sessile and vagile fauna. The majority of benthic invertebrates inhabiting these forests have larval stages that spend some time floating freely or swimming in the plankton. Therefore, canopy-forming macroalgae play an important role as species collectors related to larval supply and hydrodynamic processes. During the past several decades, brown algal forests have significantly reduced their extension and coverage in the Mediterranean basin, due to multiple interacting natural and anthropogenic pressures, with negative consequences also for the related fauna. The aim of this research was to examine how differences in macrophyte abundance and structure, as well as environmental variables, affect the associated molluscan communities in the shallow northern Adriatic Sea. Sampling sites with well-developed vegetation cover dominated by different canopy-forming species were selected in the shallow infralittoral belt of the northern Adriatic Sea in the spring–summer period of the years 2019 and 2020. Our results confirm the importance of algal forests for molluscan assemblage, with a total of 68 taxa of molluscs found associated with macrophytes. Gastropods showed the highest richness and abundance, followed by bivalves. Mollusc richness and diversity (in terms of biotic indices) were not related with the degree of development of canopy-forming species (in terms of total cover and total volume), nor with the ecological status of benthic macroalgae at different depths. On the contrary, the variability in molluscan taxa abundances was explained by some environmental variables, such as temperature, pH, light, and nitrates concentration.

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Sea State

Cited by 5 publications

References 199 publications

Too Hot to Handle: Effects of Water Temperature on the Early Life Stages of Gongolaria barbata (Fucales)

Too Hot to Handle: Effects of Water Temperature on the Early Life Stages of Gongolaria barbata (Fucales)

Keep It Simple: Improving the Ex Situ Culture of Cystoseira s.l. to Restore Macroalgal Forests

Diversity of Molluscan Assemblage in Relation to Biotic and Abiotic Variables in Brown Algal Forests

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