Sea salt sodium record from Talos Dome (East Antarctica) as a potential proxy of the Antarctic past sea ice extent

Becagli, Silvia; Caiazzo, Laura; Ciardini, Virginia; Colizza, Ester; Giardi, Fabio; Mezgec, Karin; Scarchilli, Claudio; Stenni, Barbara; Thomas, Elizabeth R.; Udisti, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.025

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Concentrations of Na + from an array of West Antarctic ice cores revealed at positive correlation with winter SIE at some sites but not others [48]. In East Antarctica (Talos Dome), Severi et al (2017) [28] found a good correlation between September SIE maxima and sodium flux and the same relationship is observed at Dome Fuji [49]. In both these cases, the correlations were stronger when converting sodium concentrations to fluxes, which take into account of the amount of snowfall each year.…”

Section: Sea Saltsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The highest resolution marine record is the multi-decadal record from Joides basin, western Ross Sea [52]. The resolution of between 9 and 23 years could be compared with ice core records, such as Whitehall Glacier in northern Victoria Land [30] and Talos Dome [28]. Both ice core sites capture changes in the Ross Sea during the 20th century.…”

Section: Temporal Coveragementioning

confidence: 99%

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Antarctic Sea Ice Proxies from Marine and Ice Core Archives Suitable for Reconstructing Sea Ice over the Past 2000 Years

et al. 2019

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Dramatic changes in sea ice have been observed in both poles in recent decades. However, the observational period for sea ice is short, and the climate models tasked with predicting future change in sea ice struggle to capture the current Antarctic trends. Paleoclimate archives, from marine sedimentary records and coastal Antarctic ice cores, provide a means of understanding sea ice variability and its drivers over decadal to centennial timescales. In this study, we collate published records of Antarctic sea ice over the past 2000 years (2 ka). We evaluate the current proxies and explore the potential of combining marine and ice core records to produce multi-archive reconstructions. Despite identifying 92 sea ice reconstructions, the spatial and temporal resolution is only sufficient to reconstruct circum-Antarctic sea ice during the 20th century, not the full 2 ka. Our synthesis reveals a 90 year trend of increasing sea ice in the Ross Sea and declining sea ice in the Bellingshausen, comparable with observed trends since 1979. Reconstructions in the Weddell Sea, the Western Pacific and the Indian Ocean reveal small negative trends in sea ice during the 20th century (1900–1990), in contrast to the observed sea ice expansion in these regions since 1979.

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Section: Sea Saltsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Temporal Coveragementioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctic Sea Ice Proxies from Marine and Ice Core Archives Suitable for Reconstructing Sea Ice over the Past 2000 Years

et al. 2019

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“…Rankin et al, 2002;2004). Moreover, this finding raises the possibility of using sea salt or sodium recorded in ice cores as a potential sea-ice extent proxy for past climates (Wolff et al, 2003;Abram et al 2013;Severi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Sea salt aerosol production via sublimating wind-blown saline snow particles over sea-ice: parameterizations and relevant micro-physical mechanisms

Yang¹,

Frey²,

Rhodes³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Blowing snow over sea-ice has been proposed as a direct source of sea salt aerosol (SSA) (Yang et al., 2008). In this study, based on data (e.g. snow salinity, blowing snow and aerosol particle measurements) collected in the Weddell Sea sea-ice zone (SIZ) during a winter cruise, we perform a comprehensive model-data comparison with the aim of validating the parameterizations and investigating possible physical mechanisms involved in SSA production from blowing snow. A global chemistry transport model, p-TOMCAT, is used to examine the model sensitivity to key parameters involved, namely blowing snow size distribution, snow salinity, evaporation function, snow age, surface wind speed, relative humidity, air temperature and ratio of SSA formed per snow particle. As proposed in Yang et al.'s parameterizations, SSA mass flux is proportional to bulk sublimation flux of blowing snow and snow salinity. To convert bulk sublimation flux to SSA size distribution, requires (1) evaporation function for snow particles, (2) blowing snow size distribution, (2) snow salinity, and (4) ratio of SSA formed per snow particle. The best model-cruise aerosol data agreement (in size range of 0.4&#8211;10&#8201;&#181;m) indicates two possible micro-physical processes that could be associated with SSA production from blowing snow. The first one is under the assumptions that one SSA is formed per snow particle after sublimation, and snow particle evaporation is controlled by the curvature effect or the so-called <q>air ventilation</q> effect. The second mechanism allows multiple SSAs to form per snow particle and assumes snow particle evaporation is controlled by the moisture gradient between the surface of the particle and the ambient air. At a production ratio of ~10, it is possible to reproduce the observations. Although both mechanisms generate very similar results (to match the observations), they correspond to completely different micro-physical processes and show quite different SSA size spectra, mainly in ultra-fine and coarse size modes. However, due to the lack of relevant data, we could not, so far, conclude confidently which one is more realistic, highlighting the necessity of further investigation.

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“…It has been found that suspended blowing-snow particles follow a two-parameter gamma distribution function f (d i , α, β), with the α shape parameter and β scale parameter following a simple relationship of αβ = D, where D is mean diameter in microns of blown-snow particles (e.g. Schmidt, 1982;Dover, 1993).…”

Section: Blowing-snow Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea salt aerosol production via sublimating wind-blown saline snow particles over sea ice: parameterizations and relevant microphysical mechanisms

et al. 2019

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Blowing snow over sea ice has been proposed as a significant source of sea salt aerosol (SSA) (Yang et al., 2008). In this study, using snow salinity data and blowing snow and aerosol particle measurements collected in the Weddell Sea sea ice zone (SIZ) during a winter cruise, we perform a comprehensive model-data comparison with the aim of validating proposed parameterizations. Additionally, we investigate possible physical mechanisms involved in SSA production from blowing snow. A global chemical transport model, p-TOMCAT, is used to examine the model sensitivity to key parameters involved, namely blowing-snow size distribution, snow salinity, sublimation function, surface wind speed, relative humidity, air temperature and ratio of SSA formed per snow particle. As proposed in the parameterizations of Yang et al. (2008), the SSA mass flux is proportional to the bulk sublimation flux of blowing snow and snow salinity. To convert the bulk sublimation flux to SSA size distribution requires (1) sublimation function for snow particles, (2) blowing-snow size distribution, (3) snow salinity and (4) ratio of SSA formed per snow particle.The optimum model-cruise aerosol data agreement (in diameter range of 0.4-12 µm) indicates two possible microphysical processes that could be associated with SSA production from blowing snow. The first one assumes that one SSA is formed per snow particle after sublimation, and snow particle sublimation is controlled by the curvature effect or the so-called "air ventilation" effect. The second mechanism allows multiple SSAs to form per snow particle and assumes snow particle sublimation is controlled by the moisture gradient between the surface of the particle and the ambient air (moisture diffusion effect). With this latter mechanism the model reproduces the observations assuming that one snow particle produces ∼ 10 SSA during the sublimation process. Although both mechanisms generate very consistent results with respect to observed aerosol number densities, they correspond to completely different microphysical processes and show quite different SSA size spectra, mainly in ultra-fine and coarse size modes. However, due to the lack of relevant data, we could not, so far, conclude confidently which one is more realistic, highlighting the necessity of further investigation.

show abstract

Sea salt sodium record from Talos Dome (East Antarctica) as a potential proxy of the Antarctic past sea ice extent

Cited by 17 publications

References 58 publications

Antarctic Sea Ice Proxies from Marine and Ice Core Archives Suitable for Reconstructing Sea Ice over the Past 2000 Years

Antarctic Sea Ice Proxies from Marine and Ice Core Archives Suitable for Reconstructing Sea Ice over the Past 2000 Years

Sea salt aerosol production via sublimating wind-blown saline snow particles over sea-ice: parameterizations and relevant micro-physical mechanisms

Sea salt aerosol production via sublimating wind-blown saline snow particles over sea ice: parameterizations and relevant microphysical mechanisms

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