Sea-Level Rise Along the Coast of Bangladesh

Sarwar, Md. Golam Mahabub

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-54252-0_10

Cited by 81 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Most of the population live on the low-lying floodplains or delta plains; more than 129 million people are considered to be living on the Holocene delta plain of the Ganges-Brahmaputra Rivers, including a proportion that is West Bengal in India (Woodroffe et al 2006). As a consequence, Bangladesh is considered one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to the impacts of climate change, particularly sealevel rise and storm-surge intensification (Warrick and Ahmad 1996, Cruz et al 2007, Nicholls et al 2007Sarwar andKhan 2007, Karim andMimura 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rates of shoreline change along the coast of Bangladesh

2013

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Bangladesh, at the confluence of the sediment-laden Ganges and Brahmaputra Rivers, supports an enormous and rapidly growing population (>140 million in 2011), across low-lying alluvial and delta plains that have accumulated over the past few thousand years. It has been identified as one of the most vulnerable places in the world to the impacts of climate change and sea-level rise. Although abundant sediment supply has resulted in accretion on some parts of the coast of Bangladesh, others are experiencing rapid erosion. We report a systematic assessment of rates of shoreline change over a 20-year period from 1989 to 2009, using Landsat satellite images with pixel resolution of 30 m on the ground. A Band ratio approach, using Band-5 divided by Band-2, discriminated the water line on images that were largely cloud-free, adequately registered, and at comparable tidal stages. Rates of shoreline change were calculated for >16,000 transects generated at 50 m intervals along the entire mainland coastline (>1,100 km) and major islands, using the End Point Rate (EPR) method in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) extension in ArcGIS®. Erosion characterises most of the seaward margin of the Sundarbans in western Bangladesh. Retreat rates of up to 20 m/yr are typical, with little evidence that local devastation of the mangrove fringe by Cyclone Sidr in November 2007 had resulted in uncharacteristic long-term rates of retreat where it made landfall. Erosion exceeded accretion in the Barguna Patuakhali coastal zone, most of which eroded at up to 20 m/yr, but with truncation of the southern tip of the Patharghata Upazila at up to 100 m/yr. In Bhola, erosion at rates of up to 120 m/yr were observed along much of the coast, but in the Noakhali Feni coastal zone, similar rates of erosion were balanced by rapid accretion of the main promontory by more than 600 m/yr. Rates of change were more subdued in the Chittagong and Cox's Bazar coastal zones of southeast Bangladesh. Islands in the Meghna estuary were especially dynamic; Hatiya Island accreted along some of its shoreline by 50 km2 between 1989 and 2009, but lost 65 km2 through erosion elsewhere, resulting in the island moving south. Similar trends were observed on adjacent islands. The overall area changed relatively little across the entire coastline over the 20-year period with accretion of up to 315 km2, countered by erosion of about 307 km2.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rates of shoreline change along the coast of Bangladesh

2013

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“…The coastal belt in Bangladesh is an active flood plain and huge amounts of sediment are carried out by the rivers to these flood plains which eventually elevate the land resulting in congestion (Sarwar and Khan, 2007). Management of this sediment in a scientific and sustainable way can lead towards the adaptation of climate change issues in the coastal areas of Bangladesh.…”

Section: Trm As a Climate Change Adaptation Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of an Integrated Strategy of Climate Change Adaptation Using Tidal River Management

Jakarya¹

2016

JHER

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Climate change and its variation have significant impact on coastal areas of Bangladesh. It's a region predicted by experts to be one of the hardest hit by climate change induced sea level rise. Tidal River Management (TRM), a unique indigenous ecological knowledge of river management, was found to be an effective tool to combat climate change induced issues at some zones and is used by reputable organizations like Bangladesh Water Development Board and Asian Development Bank. In this study, the benefits of TRM were investigated and analysed using secondary resources from research literature and field investigations. This review furnishes the evidence of the outcomes of TRM to successfully manage coastal areas, which are at risk of water logging and sea level rise.

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“…Salinity intrusion due to sea-level rise will decrease agricultural production through the unavailability of fresh water 1 3 28 Page 2 of 12 and soil degradation (Sarwar and Khan 2007). A World Bank (2000) study reported that increased salinity from a 0.3 m sea-level rise will alone reduce the net production of rice by 0.5 million metric tons in coastal area in Bangladesh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal surface water suitability analysis for irrigation in Bangladesh

Mahtab

Zahid

2018

Appl Water Sci

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Water with adequate quality and quantity is very important for irrigation to ensure the crop yields. Salinity is common problem in the coastal waters in Bangladesh. The intensity of salinity in the coastal zone in Bangladesh is not same. It fluctuates over the year. Sodium is another hazard which may hamper permeability and ultimately affects the fertility. It can reduce the crop yields. Although surface water is available in the coastal zone of Bangladesh, but its quality for irrigation needs to be monitored over the year. This paper will investigate the overall quality of coastal surface waters. Thirty-three water samples from different rivers were collected both in wet period (October-December) and in dry period (February-April). Different physical and chemical parameters are considered for investigation of the adequacy of water with respect to international irrigation water quality standards and Bangladesh standards. A comparison between the dry and wet period coastal surface water quality in Bangladesh will also be drawn here. The analysis shows that coastal surface water in Bangladesh is overall suitable for irrigation during wet period, while it needs treatment (which will increase the irrigation cost) for using for irrigation during dry period. Adaptation to this situation can improve the scenario. An integrated plan should be taken to increase the water storing capacity in the coastal area to harvest water during wet period.

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Sea-Level Rise Along the Coast of Bangladesh

Cited by 81 publications

References 32 publications

Rates of shoreline change along the coast of Bangladesh

Rates of shoreline change along the coast of Bangladesh

Review of an Integrated Strategy of Climate Change Adaptation Using Tidal River Management

Coastal surface water suitability analysis for irrigation in Bangladesh

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