Sea ice variations in the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago during the Holocene

Vare, Lindsay L.; Massé, Guillaume; Gregory, Thomas R.; Smart, Christopher W.; Belt, Simon T.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.01.013

Cited by 142 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…8a; Stein et al, 2017), suggesting less sea-ice conditions in the periods. The low sea-ice concentration during 9-7.5 ka is consistent with the results of previous studies based on dinoflagellate cyst and IP 25 records showing the widespread sea-ice retreat in the Arctic Ocean, which was attributed to higher summer insolation during the early Holocene (Dyke and Savelle, 2001;Vare et al, 2009;de Vernal et al, 2013;Stein et al, 2017). On the other hand, the sea-ice retreat during 5.5-4 ka cannot be explained by higher summer insolation.…”

Section: Ocean Circulation Sea Ice and Biological Productionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Holocene dynamics in the Bering Strait inflow to the Arctic and the Beaufort Gyre circulation based on sedimentary records from the Chukchi Sea

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The Beaufort Gyre (BG) and the Bering Strait inflow (BSI) are important elements of the Arctic Ocean circulation system and major controls on the distribution of Arctic sea ice. We report records of the quartz / feldspar and chlorite / illite ratios in three sediment cores from the northern Chukchi Sea, providing insights into the long-term dynamics of the BG circulation and the BSI during the Holocene. The quartz / feldspar ratio, interpreted as a proxy of the BG strength, gradually decreased during the Holocene, suggesting a long-term decline in the BG strength, consistent with an orbitally controlled decrease in summer insolation. We propose that the BG rotation weakened as a result of the increasing stability of sea-ice cover at the margins of the Canada Basin, driven by decreasing insolation. Millennial to multi-centennial variability in the quartz / feldspar ratio (the BG circulation) is consistent with fluctuations in solar irradiance, suggesting that solar activity affected the BG strength on these timescales. The BSI approximation by the chlorite / illite record, despite a considerable geographic variability, consistently shows intensified flow from the Bering Sea to the Arctic during the middle Holocene, which is attributed primarily to the effect of higher atmospheric pressure over the Aleutian Basin. The intensified BSI was associated with decrease in sea-ice concentrations and increase in marine production, as indicated by biomarker concentrations, suggesting a major influence of the BSI on sea-ice and biological conditions in the Chukchi Sea. Multi-century to millennial fluctuations, presumably controlled by solar activity, were also identified in a proxy-based BSI record characterized by the highest age resolution.

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Section: Ocean Circulation Sea Ice and Biological Productionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Holocene dynamics in the Bering Strait inflow to the Arctic and the Beaufort Gyre circulation based on sedimentary records from the Chukchi Sea

et al. 2017

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“…2). The previous study by Vare et al (2009) from this region using IP 25 extend further back in time and suggests that the early Holocene between 10 and 6 cal ka BP was characterized by low spring sea ice concentrations.…”

Section: Arctic Ocean Sea Icementioning

confidence: 59%

New insights on Arctic Quaternary climate variability from palaeo-records and numerical modelling

Jakobsson

Long

Inǵólfsson

et al. 2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tTerrestrial and marine geological archives in the Arctic contain information on environmental change through Quaternary interglacialeglacial cycles. The Arctic Palaeoclimate and its Extremes (APEX) scientific network aims to better understand the magnitude and frequency of past Arctic climate variability, with focus on the "extreme" versus the "normal" conditions of the climate system. One important motivation for studying the amplitude of past natural environmental changes in the Arctic is to better understand the role of this region in a global perspective and provide base-line conditions against which to explore potential future changes in Arctic climate under scenarios of global warming. In this review we identify several areas that are distinct to the present programme and highlight some recent advances presented in this special issue concerning Arctic palaeo-records and natural variability, including spatial and temporal variability of the Greenland Ice Sheet, Arctic Ocean sediment stratigraphy, past ice shelves and marginal marine ice sheets, and the Cenozoic history of Arctic Ocean sea ice in general and Holocene oscillations in sea ice concentrations in particular. The combined sea ice data suggest that the seasonal Arctic sea ice cover was strongly reduced during most of the early Holocene and there appear to have been periods of ice free summers in the central Arctic Ocean. This has important consequences for our understanding of the recent trend of declining sea ice, and calls for further research on causal links between Arctic climate and sea ice.

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“…A necessary longer-term context for considering changes in sea ice has been provided by the reconstruction by Vare et al (2009) of spring sea-ice trends in the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago over the past 1,200 years. These authors applied the biomarker IP25, using a technique developed by Belt et al (2007).…”

Section: Arctic Sea Icementioning

confidence: 99%

Observations: Cryosphere

2014

Climate Change 2013 – The Physical Science Basis

140

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Sea ice variations in the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago during the Holocene

Cited by 142 publications

References 58 publications

Holocene dynamics in the Bering Strait inflow to the Arctic and the Beaufort Gyre circulation based on sedimentary records from the Chukchi Sea

Holocene dynamics in the Bering Strait inflow to the Arctic and the Beaufort Gyre circulation based on sedimentary records from the Chukchi Sea

New insights on Arctic Quaternary climate variability from palaeo-records and numerical modelling

Observations: Cryosphere

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