Sea-air CO2 fluxes and pCO2 variability in the Northern Antarctic Peninsula during three summer periods (2008–2010)

Ito, Rosane Gonçalves; Tavano, Virgínia Maria; Mendes, Carlos; Garcia, Carlos Alberto Eiras

doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2017.09.004

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…We have identified the Gerlache Strait as a weak CO 2 source from 2002 to 2017, with an annual budget of sea-air CO 2 exchanges at near-equilibrium conditions. This contrasts with the expectations for other Antarctic coastal regions, which demonstrate annual CO 2 sink behaviour 5,13,25 , such as in summer and spring 11,14,33 . The studied region acts as a moderate CO 2 source in autumn and a strong CO 2 source in winter.…”

contrasting

confidence: 95%

“…In the Gerlache Strait, records of chlorophyll a (used as an indicator of primary producer biomass) range from ~ 2.0 mg m –3 31 to ~ 23 mg m –3 32 under distinct austral summer conditions. These concentrations have the same or a greater magnitude than those observed in more extensive regions, such as the Bransfield Strait (4.4 ± 3.84 mg m –3 ) 32 and the northwestern Weddell Sea (1.38 ± 2.01 mg m –3 ) 33 . In addition, the Gerlache Strait has experienced intense diatom blooms reaching > 45 mg m –3 of chlorophyll a 32 .…”

Section: Oceanographic Features Of the Gerlache Straitmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Seasonal variability of net sea-air CO2 fluxes in a coastal region of the northern Antarctic Peninsula

Monteiro

Kerr

Machado

2020

Sci Rep

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We show an annual overview of the sea-air CO2 exchanges and primary drivers in the Gerlache Strait, a hotspot for climate change that is ecologically important in the northern Antarctic Peninsula. In autumn and winter, episodic upwelling events increase the remineralized carbon in the sea surface, leading the region to act as a moderate or strong CO2 source to the atmosphere of up to 40 mmol m–2 day–1. During summer and late spring, photosynthesis decreases the CO2 partial pressure in the surface seawater, enhancing ocean CO2 uptake, which reaches values higher than − 40 mmol m–2 day–1. Thus, autumn/winter CO2 outgassing is nearly balanced by an only 4-month period of intense ocean CO2 ingassing during summer/spring. Hence, the estimated annual net sea-air CO2 flux from 2002 to 2017 was 1.24 ± 4.33 mmol m–2 day–1, opposing the common CO2 sink behaviour observed in other coastal regions around Antarctica. The main drivers of changes in the surface CO2 system in this region were total dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity, revealing dominant influences of both physical and biological processes. These findings demonstrate the importance of Antarctica coastal zones as summer carbon sinks and emphasize the need to better understand local/regional seasonal sensitivity to the net CO2 flux effect on the Southern Ocean carbon cycle, especially considering the impacts caused by climate change.

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contrasting

confidence: 95%

Section: Oceanographic Features Of the Gerlache Straitmentioning

confidence: 59%

Seasonal variability of net sea-air CO2 fluxes in a coastal region of the northern Antarctic Peninsula

Monteiro

Kerr

Machado

2020

Sci Rep

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“…Most of the WAP shelf exhibited fCO 2 undersaturation and net CO 2 uptake during summers between 2005 and 2009, although there was a region of fCO 2 supersaturation and net CO 2 release in the outer shelf region to the north of Anvers Island (Ruiz-Halpern et al 2014). Air-sea CO 2 fluxes in Bransfield Strait are highly variable, with surface waters switching between sink and source behaviour in consecutive summer seasons (Ito et al 2018).…”

Section: Nutrient Biogeochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability and change in the west Antarctic Peninsula marine system: Research priorities and opportunities

Henley

Schofield

Hendry

et al. 2019

Progress in Oceanography

109

115

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The west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region has undergone significant changes in temperature and seasonal ice dynamics since the mid-twentieth century, with strong impacts on the regional ecosystem, ocean chemistry and hydrographic properties. Changes to these long-term trends of warming and sea ice decline have been observed in the 21 st century, but their consequences for ocean physics, chemistry and the ecology of the high-productivity shelf ecosystem are yet to be fully established. The WAP shelf is important for regional krill stocks and higher trophic levels, whilst the degree of variability and change in the physical environment and documented biological and biogeochemical responses make this a model system for how climate and sea ice changes might restructure high-latitude ecosystems. Although this region is arguably the best-measured and bestunderstood shelf region around Antarctica, significant gaps remain in spatial and temporal data capable of resolving the atmosphere-ice-ocean-ecosystem feedbacks that control the dynamics and evolution of this complex polar system. Here we summarise the current state of knowledge regarding the key mechanisms and interactions regulating the physical, biogeochemical and biological processes at work, the ways in which the shelf environment is changing, and the ecosystem response to the changes underway. We outline the overarching cross-disciplinary priorities for future research, as well as the most important discipline-specific objectives. Underpinning these priorities and objectives is the need to better-define the causes, magnitude and timescales of variability and change at all levels of the system. A combination of traditional and innovative approaches will be critical to addressing these priorities and developing a coordinated observing system for the WAP shelf, which is required to detect and elucidate change into the future.

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“…Export of CO 2 to the deep Southern Ocean occurs in specific locations and depends on the interactions between physical properties, such as mixed layer depth, ocean currents, fronts, eddies and winds, all of which are potentially sensitive to climate variability and change, and with bathymetric features (Sallee et al, 2012;Chapman et al, 2020). In addition to intense seasonality in sea-air CO 2 fluxes driven by the solubility and biological pumps, a high degree of interannual variability has been reported for particular regions, such as the WAP (Ito et al, 2018;Brown et al, 2019) and the Ross Sea (Dejong and Dunbar, 2017). Across the Southern Ocean, summertime conditions have been shown to drive sub-decadal variability in pCO 2 whilst winter variability contributes to longer-term changes associated with the SAM (Lenton and Matear, 2007;Gregor et al, 2018).…”

Section: Net Co 2 Sink Behaviour Of the Southern Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications

et al. 2020

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Sea-air CO2 fluxes and pCO2 variability in the Northern Antarctic Peninsula during three summer periods (2008–2010)

Cited by 25 publications

References 94 publications

Seasonal variability of net sea-air CO2 fluxes in a coastal region of the northern Antarctic Peninsula

Seasonal variability of net sea-air CO2 fluxes in a coastal region of the northern Antarctic Peninsula

Variability and change in the west Antarctic Peninsula marine system: Research priorities and opportunities

Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications

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