SDF‐1 Bound Heparin Nanoparticles Recruit Progenitor Cells for Their Differentiation and Promotion of Angiogenesis after Stroke

Abstract

Angiogenesis after stroke is correlated with enhanced tissue repair and functional outcomes. The existing body of research in biomaterials for stroke focuses on hydrogels for the delivery of stem cells, growth factors, or small molecules or drugs. Despite the ability of hydrogels to enhance all these delivery methods, no material has significantly regrown vasculature within the translatable timeline of days to weeks after stroke. Here, two novel biomaterial formulations of granular hydrogels are developed for tissue regeneration after stroke: highly porous microgels (i.e., Cryo microgels) and microgels bound with heparin‐norbornene nanoparticles with covalently bound SDF‐1α. The combination of these materials results in perfused vessels throughout the stroke core in only 10 days, in addition to increased neural progenitor cell recruitment, maintenance, and increased neuronal differentiation.

Neural Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: key Players in Ischemic Stroke Therapy – A Comprehensive Literature Review

“…Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 and chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 were found to be essential molecules for the homing of stem cells to ischemic regions. 53 , 54 Transplanted stem cells can induce angiogenesis by releasing vascular endothelial growth factor, eliciting anti-inflammatory responses and other benefits. 55 The comprehensive array of ways NSCs operate in managing ischemic stroke indicates that the restoration and healing of neural networks in the brain following such an event are facilitated through various means.…”