SDAW: secure data aggregation watermarking-based scheme in homogeneous WSNs

Abstract

Redundant data retransmission problem in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be eliminated using the data aggregation process which combines similar data to reduce the resource-consumption and consequently, saves energy during data transmission. In the recent days, many researchers have focused on securing this paradigm despite the constraints it imposes such as the limited resources. Most of the solutions proposed to secure the data aggregation process in WSNs are essentially based on the use of encryption keys to protect data during their transmission in the network. Indeed, the key generation and distribution mechanisms involve additional computation costs and consume more of energy. Considering this, in this paper, we propose a new security mechanism to secure data aggregation in WSNs called SDAW (secure data aggregation watermarking-based B Djallel Eddine Boubiche scheme in homogeneous WSNs). Our mechanism aims to secure the data aggregation process while saving energy. For this, the mechanism uses a lightweight fragile watermarking technique without encryption to insure the authentication and the integrity of the sensed data while saving the energy. The links between the sensor nodes and the aggregation nodes, and also the links between the aggregation nodes and the base station are secured by using the watermarking mechanism.

A New Digital Watermarking Method for Data Integrity Protection in the Perception Layer of IoT

“…The extraction and verification process are described as follows: , = rand( , , ); (4) for = 1 to do (5) i n d e xfl ; (6) fl Packet index ; (7) for = 1 to do (8) i n d e xfl ; (9) P a c k e t = Packet index ; (10) for = 1 to do (11) Da tafl Data ‖ Packet ⋅ data ; (12) Data fl Data ‖ ; (13) Data fl Data ‖ ; (14) 0 fl Hash(Data); (15) fl MSB( 0 , ); (16) if == then (17) Return (Integrity intact); (18) else (19) Return (Integrity tampered); …”

“…Therefore the watermark generation of PRW saves more time than previous watermarking schemes. Although [9] also uses SHA-1, it embeds 160 bits of data into the packet that greatly increase the transmission load. It not only consumes more energy, but also increases the transmission delay.…”

“…In order to solve the deficiencies of the traditional data integrity authentication method, researchers have introduced digital watermarking technology into WSNs to protect the data integrity [9]. Digital watermarking technology is widely used to protect copyright information and content integrity of multimedia digital works (images, audio and video, etc.)…”

Weighted Hyperbolic DV-Hop Positioning Node Localization Algorithm in WSNs

“…where A is the average power received at a reference distance d 0 ; X r is a Gaussian random variable with zero mean and standard deviation r in dB. Typical values for the path loss exponent are in the range of 1.5 through 5 and for r in the ranges of values from 4 to 12 dB [3,12,13]. Multilateration is used in order to estimate the position of the NOI.…”

Multi-tier Framework for Optimizing Pairwise Key Predistribution in Sensory Applications

“…The adoption of the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been prominently increasing owing to its cost effective remote monitoring capabilities [1], [2]. The sensors follow various clustering schemes in order to carry out data aggregation process [3], [4]. In such communication scheme, usually the members nodes forward the physically sensed data to their assigned cluster head which is then forwarded to either sink (using single hop) or to different cluster head (using multihop).…”