Script Training Treatment for Adults With Apraxia of Speech

Youmans, Gina L.; Youmans, Scott R.; Hancock, Adrienne B.

doi:10.1044/1058-0360(2010/09-0085)

Cited by 49 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The finding that training results in script acquisition and maintenance is consistent with previous studies of script training (Bilda, 2011; Cherney et al, 2008, 2011; Goldberg et al, 2012; Lee et al, 2009; Manheim et al, 2009; Youmans et al, 2005, 2011) and serves to reinforce the use of script training as a treatment option for aphasia. Script training has been delivered by speech-language pathologists either in person or by video conferencing (Goldberg et al, 2012; Youmans et al, 2005), and by computer via prerecorded video clips or a digital therapist (Bilda, 2011; Cherney et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In script training, functional phrases and sentences are repeatedly practiced within the context of a dialogue or monologue. A growing body of evidence supports the use of script training in aphasia (Bilda, 2011; Cherney, Halper, Holland, & Cole, 2008; Cherney, Halper, & Kaye, 2011; Goldberg, Haley, & Jacks, 2012; Lee, Kaye, & Cherney, 2009; Manheim, Halper, & Cherney, 2009; Nobis-Bosch, Springer, Radermacher, & Huber, 2011; Youmans, Holland, Munoz, & Bourgeois, 2005; Youmans, Youmans, & Hancock, 2011). In most studies, cues and supports have been provided consistently before every response so that script practice may be characterized as potentially error-reducing; use of cues and supports promotes rapid script acquisition, decreases learning of persistent errors, and reduces client frustration (Youmans et al, 2005, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Acquisition and Maintenance of Scripts in Aphasia: A Comparison of Two Cuing Conditions

Cherney

Kaye

Vuuren

2014

Am J Speech Lang Pathol

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Purpose This study was designed to compare acquisition and maintenance of scripts under two conditions: High Cue which provided numerous multimodality cues designed to minimize errors, and Low Cue which provided minimal cues. Methods In a randomized controlled cross-over study, eight individuals with chronic aphasia received intensive computer-based script training under two cuing conditions. Each condition lasted three weeks, with a three-week washout period. Trained and untrained scripts were probed for accuracy and rate at baseline, during treatment, immediately post-treatment, and at three and six weeks post-treatment. Significance testing was conducted on gain scores and effect sizes were calculated. Results Training resulted in significant gains in script acquisition with maintenance of skills at three and six weeks post-treatment. Differences between cuing conditions were not significant. When severity of aphasia was considered, there also were no significant differences between conditions, although magnitude of change was greater in the High Cue condition versus the Low Cue condition for those with more severe aphasia. Conclusions Both cuing conditions were effective in acquisition and maintenance of scripts. The High Cue condition may be advantageous for those with more severe aphasia. Findings support the clinical use of script training and importance of considering aphasia severity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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confidence: 99%

Acquisition and Maintenance of Scripts in Aphasia: A Comparison of Two Cuing Conditions

Cherney

Kaye

Vuuren

2014

Am J Speech Lang Pathol

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“…A recent report of an individual with predominant AOS and nfvPPA has documented the effectiveness of structured oral reading in improving the production of multisyllabic words, with maintenance of gains one year following treatment (Henry et al, 2013). Script training, which involves repetitive practice on a well defined, limited number of personally relevant words or phrases used in specific communicative interactions, has been successful in people with stroke-induced moderately severe aphasia and people with AOS and less severe aphasia (Youmans, Youmans, & Hancock, 2011). As the motor speech disorder progresses, therapy may shift to strategies for repairing communication breakdowns and energy conservation.…”

Section: Management Of Motor Speech Disorders In Ppa and Ppaosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor speech disorders associated with primary progressive aphasia

Duffy¹,

Strand²,

Josephs³

2014

Aphasiology

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Background Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and conditions that overlap with it can be accompanied by motor speech disorders. Recognition and understanding of motor speech disorders can contribute to a fuller clinical understanding of PPA and its management as well as its localization and underlying pathology. Aims To review the types of motor speech disorders that may occur with PPA, its primary variants, and its overlap syndromes (progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome, corticobasal syndrome, motor neuron disease), as well as with primary progressive apraxia of speech. Main Contribution The review should assist clinicians' and researchers' understanding of the relationship between motor speech disorders and PPA and its major variants. It also highlights the importance of recognizing neurodegenerative apraxia of speech as a condition that can occur with little or no evidence of aphasia. Conclusion Motor speech disorders can occur with PPA. Their recognition can contribute to clinical diagnosis and management of PPA and to understanding and predicting the localization and pathology associated with PPA variants and conditions that can overlap with them.

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“…Based on the Instance Theory of Automatization (Logan, 1988), the premise of this approach is that words or phrases within a script can be successfully mastered with repetitive, cue-based massed drilling. They become “islands of relatively fluent automatic speech” that are then produced in real-life discourse (Youmans, Youmans, & Hancock, 2011). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 provides a summary of 13 publications that provide evidence for this approach (Bilda, 2011; Cherney & Halper, 2008; Cherney, Halper, Holland, & Cole, 2008; Cherney, Halper, & Kaye, 2011; Cherney, Kaye & Van Vuuren, 2014; Cherney, Kaye, Lee, & Van Vuuren, 2015; Goldberg, Haley, & Jacks, 2012; Lee, Kaye, & Cherney, 2009; Manheim, Halper, & Cherney, 2009; Nobis-Bosch, Springer, Radermacher, & Huber, 2011; Van Vuuren & Cherney, 2014; Youmans, Holland, Munoz, & Bourgeois, 2005; Youmans et al, 2011). It is important to note that several of the publications present different analyses of data from the same set of subjects (e.g., Cherney et al, 2014, 2015; Van Vuuren & Cherney, 2014); however, overall, the studies were conducted by five different research groups and include over 60 unique participants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Script Templates

Kaye

Cherney

2016

Topics in Language Disorders

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Purpose Script training for aphasia involves repeated practice of relevant phrases and sentences that, when mastered, can potentially be used in other communicative situations. Although an increasingly popular approach, script development can be time-consuming. We provide a detailed summary of the evidence supporting this approach. We then describe a method in which scripts at various levels of difficulty are created by systematically manipulating readability and grammatical and semantic components. We assess the appropriateness of using these template–based scripts with persons with aphasia of differing severities. Method We evaluated the oral reading performance of eight individuals with chronic non-fluent aphasia on scripts developed from the templates. Scripts were either of high or low difficulty relative to their aphasia severity, and personalized by inserting the participant’s town and the name of an acquaintance. Oral reading probes were taken on three separate days within a week and performance within and across participants was examined. Results Regardless of the participant’s aphasia severity, scripts in the low-difficulty condition were read with significantly greater accuracy than scripts in the high-difficulty condition. Discussion These findings support the use of graded script templates to ensure that appropriately challenging scripts are delivered to persons with aphasia for both clinical practice and research.

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Script Training Treatment for Adults With Apraxia of Speech

Cited by 49 publications

References 20 publications

Acquisition and Maintenance of Scripts in Aphasia: A Comparison of Two Cuing Conditions

Acquisition and Maintenance of Scripts in Aphasia: A Comparison of Two Cuing Conditions

Motor speech disorders associated with primary progressive aphasia

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