Script-Level Word Sample Augmentation for Few-Shot Handwritten Text Recognition

Data Augmentation for Offline Handwritten Text Recognition: A Systematic Literature Review

“…Another dataset is the "Computer Vision Lab" (CVL-Database) [60], which is designed for writer retrieval and identification, including 311 different writers. It was employed in the works of [27,32,35,37,40,49]. The historical Bentham dataset [61], which consists of images of letters by the English philosopher Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832), was utilized in the work of [47].…”

“…Regarding German language, the CVL-Database [60] was the most frequently used dataset [27,32,35,40,49], and the READ dataset [65], containing historical German documents, was utilized in the study of [30]. Finally, the Bullinger dataset, presented and utilized in the study [47], comprises historical letters written in German sent to the reformer Heinrich Bullinger (1504-1575).…”

“…OpenHaRT [66], boasting a large database of approximately 710,000 images, was utilized in the study of [46]. The dataset from the "Institute for Communications Technology/Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis" (IFN/ENIT) [67], employed in the studies conducted by [35,56,57], offers character and word recognition capabilities and encompasses around 411 different writers. The "Arabic Handwriting Data Base" (AHDB) [68], used in the studies conducted by [56,57], consists of characters and words derived from numerical values and bank check filling.…”

“…The "Handwritten Kazakh and Russian" (HKR) dataset [72], representing Kazakh and Russian languages, has been utilized in the studies by [35,41,43]. Furthermore, the Chinese language is also represented by the dataset from the "Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Automation" (CASIA) [73], that was used in the works of [34,37,50,53].…”

“…In the case of Latin, a subset of the Bullinger dataset [47] was used in the work of [47]. The languages of Bangla and Mongolian are represented via the "CMATERdb" [77] and "Mongolian-Database" [35] datasets, respectively, as utilized in the studies by [39] and [35]. For the Sudanese language, the historical "Sundanese Palm Leaf Manuscript" (HSPLM) dataset [78] was used by [54] for character recognition.…”