Screening Study of Lead Compounds for Natural Product-Based Fungicides:  Antifungal Activity and Biotransformation of 6α,7α-Dihydroxy-β-himachalene byBotrytis cinerea

Abstract

Eleven beta-himachalene derivatives were tested, using the poisoning food technique, for their potential antifungal activity against the phytopathogen Botrytis cinerea. Compounds 1-11 displayed moderate activity, whereas the 6,7-diol derivative (12) produced an inhibition of 91% after 6 days. The microbial transformation of 12 was investigated and yielded four new compounds hydroxylated at positions C-5 (13), C-2 (14), C-4 (15), and C-12 (16). The structures were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data including two-dimensional NMR analysis (HMQC, HMBC, nOesy) and nOes. The results obtained from biotransformation experiments shed further light on the detoxification mechanism of the phytopathogenic fungus against this compound and give an indication of the structural modifications that may be necessary if substrates of this type are to be further developed as selective fungal control agents for B. cinerea.

Thymol and carvacrol: biotransformation and antifungal activity against the plant pathogenic fungi Colletotrichum acutatum and Botryodiplodia theobromae

“…Hydrolysis of the latter, catalyzed by β-ketolase, yields acetate, 2-ketobutyrate and isobutyrate. Thus, biotransformation experiments provide information on the detoxification mechanism used by phytopathogenic microorganisms and give an indication of the structural modifications that may be necessary if substrates of this type are to be further developed as selective fungal control agents (Daoubi et al, 2005). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antifungal properties against C. acutatum and B. theobromae of (T) and (C), along with their metabolism.…”

Inhibition of Fungal and Bacterial Plant Pathogens In Vitro and In Planta with Ultrashort Cationic Lipopeptides

“…In fact, there are now more than 113 active ingredients registered as fungicides worldwide (26). However, they cause severe and long-term environmental pollution, are highly and acutely toxic, and are sometimes even carcinogenic toward humans and wild animals (12). Furthermore, pathogens become resistant to many of these chemicals (12,43).…”

“…However, they cause severe and long-term environmental pollution, are highly and acutely toxic, and are sometimes even carcinogenic toward humans and wild animals (12). Furthermore, pathogens become resistant to many of these chemicals (12,43). Note also that some of the antimycotic compounds, such as members of the azole family, which are widely applied for plant protection, have derivatives that either are used medically or are under clinical evaluation (59).…”

Isolation of Antifungal Compound and Biocontrol Potential of Lysobacter antibioticus HS124 against Fusarium Crown Rot of Wheat

“…They can cause various environmental pollutions and health problems. Furthermore, many important fungal pathogens become resistance to many active ingredients of chemicals (Daoubi et al, 2005;Knight et al 1997;Russell, 1995). Therefore, biological control has been used for alternative choice to control fungal plant diseases that are non-pollution to humans and animals.…”