Screening Sticky Cards as a Simple Method for Improving Efficiency of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) Monitoring and Reducing Nontarget Organisms

Detection and monitoring of ‘Candidatus’ Liberibacter spp. vectors: African citrus triozid Trioza erytreae Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Triozidae) and Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) in citrus groves in East Africa

“…Yet, we did not observe significant differences in ACP catches between GLMgreen and Asyellow traps, suggesting that both types of traps could be useful in detecting ACPs at low densities. Yellow sticky card traps have been widely used to study ACP population dynamics, seasonal abundance, surveillance, and monitoring of invasions (Aubert & Hua, 1990;Cook et al, 2014;Sétamou et al, 2019). In an earlier study, determined the effectiveness of different sticky traps for ACP in citrus groves and found no clear evidence for the superiority of any type tested, suggesting that any of the tested traps were effective in detecting ACPs at low population densities, corroborating findings from our study.…”

“…Yet, we did not observe significant differences in ACP catches between GLMgreen and Asyellow traps, suggesting that both types of traps could be useful in detecting ACPs at low densities. Yellow sticky card traps have been widely used to study ACP population dynamics, seasonal abundance, surveillance, and monitoring of invasions (Aubert & Hua, 1990; Cook et al ., 2014; Sétamou et al ., 2019). In an earlier study, Hall et al .…”

“…Especially the latter is commonly used for the adult ACT and ACP monitoring (Aubert & Quilici, 1988; Aubert & Hua, 1990; Flores et al ., 2009; Cook et al ., 2014; Miranda et al ., 2018) and management programmes. Studies evaluating the colour perception of ACP indicated that it exhibits a preference for certain hues (Sétamou et al ., 2019), and that yellow and red attracted more ACP adults than blue sticky card traps (Hall et al ., 2010; Sétamou et al ., 2019). However, so far only a few available sticky trap types have been thoroughly evaluated, and never for simultaneous monitoring of ACT and ACP.…”

Optimizing efficiencies in biosecurity surveillance and monitoring: testing colour and multi-lure traps on tomato potato psyllid, other plant-lice (Psylloidea) and stinkbugs (Pentatomoidea)

“…Attraction or avoidance to lures corresponds to the chemicals used. The chemicals in ACP lures are a mixture of organic volatiles present in new ushes of citrus host plants, namely aphla-phellandrene, beta-phellandrene, beta-caryophyllene, gamma-terpinene, ocimene and terpineol (Setamou, 2018). As the chemicals originate from citrus, it follows that the lure should attract insects that feed on citrus, or other plants that produce similar organic volatiles, regardless of taxonomic identity.…”

“…The host plant families of T. adventicia and ACP are different (Myrtaceae and Rutaceae, respectively), but we surmise that the plant volatiles in the ACP lures must feature similar volatiles to those of Syzygium to attract the lilli pilly psyllid. Indeed, ACP lures include clove oil (Setamou, 2018) Instead of plant volatiles, lures may be based on insect pheromones, which will have an even more unpredictable effect on bycatch. For example, the H. armigera lures mentioned above are based on pheromones, but can signi cantly increase ladybird beetle, bee and nontarget moth captures by 23%, 110% and > 2,000%, respectively (Spears et al 2016).…”