Screening of zinc, copper and iron in lettuce and Chinese cabbage cultivated in Durban, South Africa, towards human health risk assessment

Nkosi, S’busiso M.; Msimang, Nomaxhosa M.o

doi:10.17159/sajs.2022/12099

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The Cu contents in roots and leaves were 0.211–0.236 and 0.031–0.129 mg/kg, respectively, whereas the Fe contents were 3.980–10.24 mg/kg in roots and 1.650–3.788 mg/kg in leaves. For Zn, the levels were 0.789–1.077 mg/kg in roots and 0.387–0.874 mg/kg in leaves …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elemental Analysis of Kimchi Cabbage Leaves, Roots, and Soil and Its Potential Impact on Human Health

Hwang¹,

Jung²,

Jeong³

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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In view of their rich mineral content and flavor, kimchi cabbage leaves and roots have high nutritional and medicinal values. In this study, we quantified major nutrient (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, and Zn), trace (B, Be, Bi, Co, Ga, Li, Ni, Se, Sr, V, and Cr), and toxic (Pb, Cd, Tl, and In) elements in kimchi cabbage cultivation soil, leaves, and roots. The analysis method relied on inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry for major nutrient elements and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for trace and toxic elements and complied with the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) guidelines. Kimchi cabbage leaves and roots featured high contents of K, B, and Be, while the contents of all toxic elements in all samples were below the WHO-stipulated threshold values and therefore did not pose any health risks. The distribution of elements was characterized by heat map analysis and linear discriminant analysis to reveal independent separation according to the content of each element. The analysis confirmed that there was a difference in content between the groups and that each group was independently distributed. This study may contribute to a better understanding of the complex relationships between plant physiology, cultivation condition, and human health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For Zn, the levels were 0.789− 1.077 mg/kg in roots and 0.387−0.874 mg/kg in leaves. 20 2.3. Trace Elements.…”

Section: Major Nutrient Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental Analysis of Kimchi Cabbage Leaves, Roots, and Soil and Its Potential Impact on Human Health

Hwang¹,

Jung²,

Jeong³

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Approximately, 100 g of leaf sample contains 93 mL water, 15 g protein, 0.2 g fat, 4.0 g carbohydrate, 4 g calcium, and 0.5 g iron [8]. Cabbage also contains plenty of essential micronutrients which are crucial for human health and plant biological, chemical, and physiological functions such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Optimal Amount of Moringa Leaf Extract to Improve the Morphological and Inner Quality of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

Yaseen,

Madar,

Vojnović

et al. 2023

Journal of Food Quality

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Moringa leaves contain a proper amount of antioxidants, amino acids, vitamins, hormones, macronutrients, and micronutrients. Therefore, it is applied as a natural, inexpensive, and simple-to-make biostimulant to boost nutritional value and growth parameters in a variety of plants. The main purpose of this study is to determine the optimal concentration of Moringa oleifera L. leaf extract (MLE) as an effective biostimulant to improve nutritional and physical quality in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). To do this, three concentrations of MLE (6, 8, and 10%) were foliar sprayed to the plant leaves at a rate of 25 mL plant−1 for every two weeks from transplantation till harvest, while control plants (Ø) were sprayed with distilled water only. Our results show that MLE greatly increased cabbage growth, nutrient content, pigment content, and nutrient absorption, while a high concentration of 10% MLE could also significantly reduce nitrate content in cabbage leaves. In comparison to the control plants, sprays of 6%, 8%, and 10% MLE reduced nitrate content by 23%, 14%, and 12%, respectively. However, the lowest nitrate content was found for the plants sprayed with 6% MLE. Except for the dry matter, all the growth parameters, mineral content, and pigment content were significantly higher after spraying with 10% MLE, while better vitamin C and lower nitrate were found in the plants treated with 6% MLE. A Pearson correlation reveals that head weight has a positive correlation with head diameter, head height, chlorophyll a, and carotenoids at p levels of 0.01 and a positive correlation with chlorophyll b and vitamin C at p levels of 0.05. Vitamin C and dry matter, on the other hand, had a negative connection with nitrate content.

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Health risk associated with soil and plant contamination in industrial areas

Kicińska,

Wikar

2023

Plant Soil

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Aims The aim of the study was to assess human health risk stemming from i) contact with contaminated soil and ii) consumption of plants growing in contaminated soils in allotment gardens and farmlands located in regions heavily affected by the Zn-Pb and steel industries and in hard coal mining areas. Methods Based on the pseudo-total concentration of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) measured in soil and plant samples and using the US EPA methodology, we assessed estimated daily intake (EDI), as well as non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risk in two exposure scenarios (recreational and residential), stemming from the contact with soil with varying degrees of PTE contamination, i.e.: Cr(3+,6+), Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. In the recreational scenario, we analyzed three exposure pathways (accidental soil ingestion, dermal contact with contaminated soil and inhalation of contaminated soil particles) for a child (0–6 years), an economically active adult (20–40 years), a senior (40–60 years) and a retiree (60–70 years). In the residential scenario, we additionally analyzed an exposure pathway associated with the intake of contaminated lettuce leaves grown in the soils studied for a child and an adult. With respect to non-carcinogenic health risk, we calculated hazard quotient (HQ) values for individual contaminants under each exposure pathway and target hazard quotient (THQ) values for different exposure pathways. Results and conclusions We found that the proportion of different exposure pathways in the total health risk decreased in the following order: intake of contaminated vegetables > accidental soil ingestion > dermal contact > inhalation of contaminated soil particles. Children are more exposed to toxic effects of potentially toxic elements than seniors and economically active adults.

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Screening of zinc, copper and iron in lettuce and Chinese cabbage cultivated in Durban, South Africa, towards human health risk assessment

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Elemental Analysis of Kimchi Cabbage Leaves, Roots, and Soil and Its Potential Impact on Human Health

Elemental Analysis of Kimchi Cabbage Leaves, Roots, and Soil and Its Potential Impact on Human Health

Examining the Optimal Amount of Moringa Leaf Extract to Improve the Morphological and Inner Quality of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

Health risk associated with soil and plant contamination in industrial areas

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