Screening of Some Plants Used in the Cameroonian Folk Medicine for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases

Abstract

<p>The present study was designated to evaluated the antimicrobial activities of methanol, ethanol, hexane, ethyl acetate, aqueous, mixture methanol/water and ethanol/water extracts of <em>Pentadiplandra brazzeana</em>,<em> Erythrina sigmoïdea, Petersianthus macrocarpus</em>,<em> Clerodendrum umbellatum </em>,<em> Sida acuta </em>,<em> Eleusine indica</em> ,<em> Bridelia micrantha</em> and <em>Musanga cecropioides </em>which are plants used as traditional folk medicine in Cameroon for the treatment of different infections and disorders as gastrointestinal disorders. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts against 17 laboratory strains belong to 15 bacterial species and 2 yeasts implicated in gastrointestinal disorders were evaluated based on the inhibition zone using the disc diffusion assay, minimal inhibition concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration values. 89.6% of the extracts tested have an inhibitory effect at 1.25 mg against at least one of the microorganism tested with the diameter of inhibition zone values ranging from 8 to 27 mm. 62.5% of the broader spectrum of antimicrobial activity of plant material was obtained with methanol extract. The most susceptible bacterium was <em>Shigella flexneri and Enterobacter cloacae </em>the most resistant<em>.</em> Ethanol/Water extract of <em>Pentadiplandra brazzeana</em> presented a good activity against <em>Proteus vulgaris</em> with MIC and MBC of 78 and 250 µg/ml respectively. The weak activity was obtained with Methanol extract<em> of </em><em>Musanga cecropioides </em>against <em>Klebsiella pneumonia</em>. The results might explain the ethnobotanical use of the studied species for the treatment of gastrointestinal infections.</p

Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infected mice with Bryophyllum pinnatum, a medicinal plant with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, reduces bacterial load

“… 2009 ; Kouitcheu Mabeku et al. 2011 ). Phytochemicals are routinely classified as antimicrobials on the basis of susceptibility tests that produce MIC in the range of 100 to 1000 μg/mL (Simões et al.…”

“…The presence of these chemical compounds in the tested extract may partially explain its anti- Helicobacter effect, since it has clearly been demonstrated that several compounds belonging to the investigated classes of metabolites showed antibacterial activities (Bruneton 1999 ; Cowan 1999 ; Kouitcheu Mabeku et al. 2011 ).…”

Potential of Central, Eastern and Western Africa Medicinal Plants for Cancer Therapy: Spotlight on Resistant Cells and Molecular Targets

“…The plant is mainly found in Cameroon and Chad, where it is used as antidote (venomous stings, bites, etc. ), diuretic, febrifuge and to treat arthritis, rheumatism, pulmonary troubles, stomach troubles, infectious diseases and kidney diseases (Burkill, 1985), gastrointestinal infections, venereal diseases and leprosy (Mabeku et al, 2011). The cytotoxic constituents of the plant include 6α-hydroxyphaseollidin ( 9 ), atalantoflavone ( 15 ), bidwillon A ( 16 ), neobavaisoflavone ( 35 ), neocyclomorusin ( 36 ), and sigmoidin I ( 44 ) (Kuete et al, 2014c).…”

Screening of some Cameroonian Medicinal Plants against Bacterial and Yeasts involved in Gastrointestinal Disorders

“…The results of the qualitative phytochemical analysis showed that alkaloids and anthraquinones are the most frequent secondary metabolite in the tested plant extracts.The presence of these chemical compounds in extracts may explain some of their antimicrobial actions since antimicrobial actions of most of these phytochemical substances have been documented (Kouitcheu et al, 2011). However, the antimicrobial activities demonstrated by the extract could be due to the presence of other antimicrobial substances not covered by the screening.…”