Screening of semifluorinated n‐alkanes by gas chromatography coupled to dielectric barrier discharge ionization mass spectrometry

Hagenhoff, Sebastian; Korf, Ansgar; Markgraf, Ullrich; Brandt, Sebastian; Schütz, Alexander; Franzke, Joachim; Hayen, Heiko

doi:10.1002/rcm.8139

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A similar phenomenon can be found in linalool mass spectrum: linalool loses a water molecule and forms a [(M−H 2 O)+H] + ion. These results are consistent with those of previous reports 21,22 . The peaks at m/z 164, 166, 168, and 170 in the mass spectra of PCE can all be indexed with M + ion as chlorine has two isotopes 35Cl and 37Cl with abundance ratio about 3:1.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…These results are consistent with those of previous reports. 21,22 The peaks at m/z 164, 166, 168, and 170 in the mass spectra of PCE can all be indexed with M + ion as chlorine has two isotopes 35Cl and 37Cl with abundance ratio about 3:1. with "open geometry". In the first case, the sample molecules are introduced in the fused silica capillary through a hollow stainless steel capillary, then ionized by reactive species generated there in the silica capillary.…”

Section: Safety Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hollow electrode capillary plasma ionization source for rapid online detection of gaseous samples

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2021

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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RATIONALE Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) with electron ionization (EI) is the most widely used analysis technique of gaseous samples, but it may be time‐consuming for online monitoring of mixtures whose concentrations relatively change rapidly. On the contrary, current ionization methods, such as chemical ionization (CI) and proton transfer reaction (PTR), also have some disadvantages such as selectivity. Therefore, appropriate soft ionization sources are searched for rapid online detection. METHODS Hollow electrode capillary plasma ionization (HECPI) is based on single electrode plasma. A hollow capillary was placed as both the electrode and the inlet of the gaseous samples. The ionization source is coupled with a mass spectrometer for performance evaluation. RESULTS Several typical compounds have been tested with HECPI‐mass spectrometer. In this process, the dominant ion peaks of all compounds can be indexed as molecular ion peaks, and the product ions of HECPI are less than that of dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI). Three gaseous samples (linalool, triethylamine, and styrene) with various concentrations have been used to further confirm the performance of this source, and the detection limit of linalool is as low as 10 ppb. CONCLUSIONS HECPI is simple in structure and shows good performance. The results also show that HECPI has the potential to be an effective tool for detecting online gaseous samples rapidly.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Safety Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow electrode capillary plasma ionization source for rapid online detection of gaseous samples

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2021

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…Figure 5b shows the measured ion signal of the [M-H+O] + signal for F4H5 and F6H8, depending on the oxygen concentration of nitrogen. Using an oxygen/nitrogen mixture is beneficial for the ionization process of semifluorinated compounds; as already published by Hagenhoff et al 17 , an oxygen attachment in connection with protonation is the most important ionization pathway. Providing both species led to a significant improvement in sensitivity during our experiments.…”

Section: Analyte Ionizationmentioning

confidence: 87%

Analyte-Tailored Controlled Atmosphere Improves Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization Mass Spectrometry Performance

et al. 2019

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Plasma sources in atmospheric pressure soft ionization mass spectrometry have gained significant interest in recent years. As many of these sources are used under ambient air conditions, their interaction with the surrounding atmosphere plays an important role in the ionization pathway. This study focuses on the interaction between the plasma source and the surrounding atmosphere by connecting the plasma source to the mass spectrometer using a 2 mm ID closed reactant capillary supplied by a reactant gas up to 500 ml per minute to gain a controlled atmosphere. Different reactant gases (Ar, He, O2, N2) and reactant gas mixtures are tested with regard to the DBDI performance and then used to improve the ionization efficiency. Tailoring the controlled atmosphere for a certain analyte, for example, perfluorinated compounds, leads to significantly improved limits of detection up to 2 ppb. This material is available free of charge via the Internet at

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“…Limits‐of‐detection of 5 ppm were achieved for perfluorooctane and perfluorononane in the negative‐ionization mode. This GC‐DBDI‐MS approach was also used to detect semifluorinated alkanes used in ski waxes (Hagenhoff et al, 2018). Spectra of C 6 F 6 H 8 are shown in Figure 6b in the positive ionization mode.…”

Section: Plasma Ionization For Organic Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reprinted with permission from Schütz et al (2015) (American Chemical Society) Spectra of semifluorinated hexane (C6F6H8) obtained with DBD ionization in positive‐ionization mode ( b ) and in negative‐ionization mode ( c ). Reprinted with permission from Hagenhoff et al (2018) (Wiley) [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Section: Plasma Ionization For Organic Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Plasma‐based Desorption/Ionization: From Atoms and Molecules to Chemical Synthesis

Molnar

Shelley

2020

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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Since the first mass spectrometry (MS) experiments were conducted by Thomson and Aston, plasmas have been used as ionization sources. Historically, plasma ion sources were used for these experiments because they were one of the few known sources of gasphase ions at the time and they were relatively simple to setup and operate. Since then, developments in plasma ionization have continued to inform and motivate advances in other areas of MS. For example, plasma-desorption MS demonstrated ionization of large peptides and polymers more than 10 years before the first descriptions of electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). As a result, significant effort was placed on development of ionization approaches, mass analysis, and detection approaches for very large molecules: even before the advent of ESI and MALDI. Since then, new analytical challenges and opportunities in plasma ionization have arisen. In this review, the emerging trends in plasma-based ionization for several areas of MS will be discussed, including molecular ionization, elemental ionization, hybrid elemental and molecular ion sources, and unique chemical transformations.

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Screening of semifluorinated n‐alkanes by gas chromatography coupled to dielectric barrier discharge ionization mass spectrometry

Abstract: The unique SFA ionization patterns serve for complementary unambiguous identification of semifluorinated n-alkane species in positive mode and screening of contained n-alkanes fluorinated chain lengths in negative mode.

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Hollow electrode capillary plasma ionization source for rapid online detection of gaseous samples

Hollow electrode capillary plasma ionization source for rapid online detection of gaseous samples

Analyte-Tailored Controlled Atmosphere Improves Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization Mass Spectrometry Performance

Modern Plasma‐based Desorption/Ionization: From Atoms and Molecules to Chemical Synthesis

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